BIO 101 Lab Final

How many different STRs need to be examined to develop a DNA fingerprint

13

The common fruit fly has a haploid genome of four chromosomes. How many different combinations of these chromosomes are possible during gametogenesis (the formation of gametes)?

16

The diploid hedgehog genome contains 90 chromosomes. If you examined a hedgehog cell during G2 phase, how many sister chromatids would you discover?

180

A human cell has 46 (23 pairs) chromosomes. The number of daughter chromosomes in telophase II of meiosis is :

23

How many chromosomes does human male have

24

the human ability to walk upright on two hind legs evolved about _____ year ago

4 million

How many autosomes does a typical diploid human cell have?

44

The human diploid genome is contained in

44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

The diploid hedgehog genome contains 90 chromosomes. Following mitosis, how many homologous chromosomes pairs does each daughter cell contain?

45

The diploid hedgehog genome contains 90 chromosomes. What does a haploid hedgehog genome contain?

45

Nucleotides are composed of ______. Select all that apply.

5-carbon sugar nitrogenous base phosphates

Which of the following molasses solutions resulted in the greatest amount of osmosis?

50%

The cells that line your small intestine live for only about _____ days.

6

Your 2-year child has an alarming high fever and you call the pediatrician. She says you should give your child acetaminophen (Tylenol), but to please follow the recommended dosage of 15mg of acetaminophen per kg of weight because even a slight overdose of acetaminophen can cause liver damage. Your child has a mass of 30.0 lbs. The medicine comes as a liquid suspension at a concentration of 32 mg of acetaminophen per ml of suspension. How much medicine (in ml) can you safely give them?

6.3787

The diploid hedgehog genome contains 90 chromosomes. Following mitosis, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell contain?

90

If you spill some of your bacterial culture on the bench, what should you use to clean it up?

A 70% ethanol solution

What prevents protozoans (like amoebas) from bursting when placed in a hypotonic environment?

A contractile vacuole

During BIO 101 lab you observe a cell that has a cell wall. What type of cell can this possibly be? Select all that apply

A fungal cell. A eukaryotic cell. A prokaryotic cell. A bacterium. A plant cell.

Which of the following is not a common feature of all cells?

A nucleus, a cell wall

The root "-plasia" means growth or development. If the term "hyperplasia" was used to describe a tissue or group of cells, what would that indicate?

A population of cells growing more quickly than normal.

You are preparing some sweet tea for a picnic with your family. You decide to heat some water to help the sugar dissolve faster. How much more sugar can you dissolve in 200ml of 60°C tea than 200ml of 40°C tea?

About 80g more.

Type the complementary sequence to the following nucleic acid:

CTTAAG

What is the role of red blood cells?

Carrying oxygen

In 1996 the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the fake fat Olestra for use as a food additive. Olestra is chemically similar to dietary fat, but it cannot be easily digested by humans. When added to foods like potato chips, it preserved the taste and texture but reduced the calories, so it became a fat-replacement additive much the way Nutrasweet or Sucralose replaces sugar. Soon after it's release however, reports started surfacing claiming consumption of Olestra-containing foods caused intestinal distress and cramping. To evaluate this claim, researchers asked 1100 individuals aged between 13 and 38 to eat potato chips while they watched a movie. Each participant received an unmarked bag that contained 370g of chips. Half of the participants received Olestra chips, the other half received chips made with normal fat (vegetable oil). A few days after the movie, the participants were contacted and asked about any-post movie cramping. 15.8% of the Olestra chip eating group reported cramps, compared to 17.6% of the normal chip eating group. Which of the following would be a plausible hypothesis for this study?

Consumption of Olestra causes intestinal cramps

Which of the following statements about cystic fibrosis is/are true? Select all that apply

Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive disease in white people. If you have one normal allele, and one faulty allele, you are said to be a carrier.

When a solution is in a state of equilibrium, the molecules stop moving.

False

Interphase is composed of which of the following phases? Select all that apply.

G1 phase G2 phase S phase

Humans (Homo sapiens) belong to the phylum chordata and the class mammalia. Which of the following statements is therefore true?

Humans share more features with other mammals than they do with other chordates

Which of the following is a difference between mitosis and meiosis? Select all that apply

In mitosis cytokinesis occurs once, whereas in meiosis cytokinesis occurs twice. Cells produced by mitosis are diploid; cells produced by meiosis are haploid. In meiosis four daughter cells are produced, whereas in mitosis two daughter cells are produced. Mitosis but not meiosis occurs in somatic cells.

You are viewing a sample with a 10X ocular and a 40X objective. You decide to switch to a 100X objective to view your sample. How much has your magnification changed between viewings

It has increased 2.5X

How does cyanide poisoning kill?

It inhibits the flow of electrons in aerobic respiration, leading to cardiac arrest.

When you consume a protein, what happens?

It is broken down into amino acids, which are used to build new proteins

How can you identify the carrying capacity from a population growth curve?

It is the portion of the curve that is relatively flat.

Which statement about asexual reproduction is true?

It produces a clone of offspring that is genetically identical to the parent.

Exponential population growth is associated with a/n _____ curve.

J shaped

Human yeast infections are often caused by and prevented by a healthy population of

Lactobacillus acidophilus Candida albicans

The root "tension" is used medically to describe blood pressure. If a person is hypotensive, what is their condition?

Low blood pressure

Cytokinesis occurs during _____.

M phase

How many disease alleles must be inherited to trigger the development of condition that displays a dominant pattern of inheritance?

One

Which of the following cells would you expect to find organelles? Select all that apply.

Plant, Animal, Eukaryotic, Fungi

When a population has reached its carry capacity, which is/are not occurring? Select all that apply.

Population growth is positive. Population growth is negative.

Which of the following is responsible for manufacturing proteins?

Ribosome

DNA is synthesized during

S phase

Logistic population growth is associated with a/n ____ curve.

S shaped

High blood pressure is a risk factor for which chronic disease?

Stroke, heart disease

What does a spectrophotometer measure?

The amount of light that does not pass through a solution

What does a hydrometer measure?

The amount of sugar in a solution

Which of the following are examples of genetic drift? Select all that apply.

The bottleneck effect. The founder effect.

In the coming lab you will use a spectrophotometer to indirectly measure the growth of bacteria over time. In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?

The density of the bacteria in the culture.

What is the name of the lens that is closest to the specimen?

The objective

In your lab experience last week you incubated yeast with a solution of corn syrup and water, and collected data regarding the volume of gas produced. What was the dependent variable in this experiment?

The volume of gas produced

How are the Gros Michel and Cavendish varieties of bananas similar? Select all that apply.

They are both clonal varieties. They both exhibit lack genetic diversity.

Which of the following diseases is preventable by maintaining a healthy diet and active lifestyle?

Type II diabetes

In the coming lab you will examine aerobic respiration in a simple single cell eukaryote. What is this beast?

Yeast

What prevents bacteria from bursting in hypotonic environments?

a cell wall

A rapid readjustment of a population is called _____.

a collapse

The variable that remains unchanged in an experiment is called:

a control variable

The introduction of a small population onto a small island that results in a limited gene pool for a population best describes _____.

a founder effect

A large facial projection index indicates _____.

a protruding muzzle

Glucose is _____ (select all that apply).

a six carbon molecule, a simple sugar, C6H12O6

Sexual reproduction produces _____.

a zygote

Scientific data suggests that the first cell evolved

about 3.6 billion years ago

The complementary base pair of thymine is _____.

adenine

A gene pool is _____.

all of the alleles represented in a single population.

Biologically speaking, evolution is defined as a change in _____ over time.

allele frequency

Proteins are composed of:

amino acids

A change in structure, physiology, or behavior that promotes the likelihood of an organism's survival and reproduction in a particular environment is _____.

an adaption

A founder effect is best described as _____.

an expansion of a population from a small group of individuals.

Sister chromatids separate during

anaphase II

When measuring the vertebral attachment length, you should measure from _____ to the _____.

back of the skull; front of the foramen magnum

DNA replication occurs _____.

before both mitosis and meiosis.

A zombie virus sweeps through the population, randomly turning the vast majority of individuals into the walking dead. The sharp reduction of the population and their gene pool is an example of _____.

bottleneck effect

In this lab the measurements will be made using which pieces of equipment? Select all the apply.

calipers meter sticks

An autotroph is an organism that _____.

can synthesize organic fuel from inorganic fuel.

Walrus tusks are elongated _____ .

canines

An example of a long chain of glucose molecules is

cellulose

Which of the following are classified as lipids? Select all that apply

cholesterol, testosterone

he theory that suggests that all life has evolved from a single ancestor is simply described as ______.

common descent

For an organism or cell to be considered diploid, it must ____.

contain two complete sets of genetic information.

Unsaturated fats can be found in which of the following foods (select all that apply)?

corn oil, olive oil

A measurement between the left and right cheekbones, and between the back of the skull and between the brow rdiges, can be used to calculate the ______ index.

cranial

Mitosis is the process of chromosome separation, while the division of the cytoplasm is a process known as _____.

cytokinesis

The separation of cellular cytoplasm into the two daughter cells occurs during _____.

cytokinesis

The complementary base pair of guanine is _____.

cytosine

A cell that has evolved a specific function within a multicellular organism is termed a ______ cell.

differentiated

You place a shell-less egg into a sugar solution, and it doesn't change in volume. You therefore can conclude that the sugar solution has a/n _____ solute concentration than that of the egg.

equal

Which of the following molecules can be classified as organic? Select all that apply.

ethanol, C2H6O. lactic acid, C3H6O3. glucose, C6H12O6.

A measurement between the upper jaw and the auditory canal (ear hole), and a measurement between the lback of the skull and upper jaw, can be used to calculate the ______ index.

facial proportion

Gram for gram, the most energy-rich macromolecule is:

fat

When a biological membrane separates a hypertonic solution from a hypotonic solution, water

flows from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic solution.

The orifice through which the spinal column passes is called the _____.

foramen magnum

Which of the following is not a disaccharide?

fructose

You and your friends order a mushroom, green pepper, and bacon pizza. Which kingdoms are represented in your toppings? Select all that apply.

fungi, plantae, animalia,

Mildew is classified as a/n (select all that apply):

fungus, eukaryote

The collection of alleles within a population of organisms is called its _____.

gene pool

The random removal of a Gallimimus from the population reduces the genetic diversity of the gene pool of the remaining Gallimimus. This change in the gene pool is due to ______.

genetic drift

A _____ is defined as a complete set of genetic information .

genome

The least inclusive of the taxonomic categories listed here is _____.

genus

An example of a long chain of glucose molecules is:

glycogen

The process by which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate is called _____.

glycolysis

Which of the following are classified as hominids? Select all that apply.

gorilla bonobos humans

Humans and _____ shared a common ancestor about _____ years ago.

gorillas: 8 million

At the start of meiosis II, the chromosome content for each cell is:

haploid

Gametes have a _______ genome

haploid

The movement of molecules from a region of _____ concentration to a region of _____ concentration is called _____.

high; low; diffusion

Examine the figure on page 10-4 of your manual. Which term would best describe the STRs of the STR 2 locus for the first individual?

homozygous

Complementary base pairing is mediated by _____ between each paired nucleotide

hydrogen bonds

High blood pressure is also known as ____.

hypertension

A red blood cell will swell and burst when placed in which of the following kinds of solution? Select all that apply

hypotonic

You place a shell-less egg into a solution, and it swells. You therefore can conclude that the solution is _____ in comparison to the environment contained in the egg.

hypotonic

Sister chromatids are _____ (select all that apply).

identical copies of each other. attached by a centromere.

An organism that displays the greatest fitness is the one that _____.

is most likely survive and successfully reproduce.

When oxygen is limited, animal cells will utilize _____ to produce energy.

lactic acid fermentation

When human cells undergo fermentation they produce ______. When yeast cells undergo fermentation they produce _______.

lactic acid; ethanol

How are the autosomes (1 through 22) named?

largest to smallest

facial breath is a measurement between ______.

left and right cheekbones

Which of the following is/are a unit of volume?

liter, ounce, gallon

Homologous chromosomes separate during

meiosis

Gametes are produced by _____. Select all that apply.

meiosis, germ cells

Which of the following is/are a unit of length?

mile, inch, meter

Which of the following can be classified as asexual reproduction? Select all that apply.

mitosis binary fission budding

One place glycogen is stored in the body is the

muscles

The underlying source of all genetic diversity is _____.

mutation

Which of the following Mr. Potato Head phenotypes are recessive? Select all that apply

no hat, mouthless

Nucleic acids are polymers composed of ______.

nucleotides

An anaerobic process is one that _____.

occurs in the absence of oxygen.

How different is your DNA to the DNA of the person who sits next to you in BIO 101 lecture

one tenth of a percent

When using a high power lens, you should

only make focusing adjustments with the fine focus.

The diffusion of water is called _____.

osmosis

An organism that is capable of causing disease is termed _____.

pathogenic

Cell membranes are built with:

phospholipids

Which group includes all of the other groups?

phylum

A pathogenic bacterium is a bacterium that ____.

prevents disease

Which macromolecule is used to build the majority of your body?

protein

Malaria develops when a person is infected by Plasmodium, a mosquito-borne parasite. Organisms belonging to the Plasmodium genus can be classified as (select all that apply):

protists, eukaryotes

Canine teeth are adapted for _____.

puncturing

Glucose is an example of a (select all that apply):

simple sugar, monosaccharide, carbohydrate

During meiosis II, :

sister chromatids segregate into daughter cells.

A measurement between the left and right temple, and a measurement between the left and right cheekbone, can be used to calculate the ______ index.

skull proportion

A centrally located foramen magnum is an indication of _____.

the ability to walk upright of two feet.

Osmosis describes ______.

the movement of water across membranes

When a substance is added to and dissolved into a liquid, the substance is called ____.

the solute

In the coming lab you will use a spectrophotometer to indirectly measure the growth of bacteria over time. In this experiment, what is the independent variable?

the time

Two solutions are said to be isotonic when ____. Select all that apply

their solute concentrations are equal

A group of cells that work together to perform a specific function are called a _____.

tissue

What is partially hydrogenated oil also known as?

trans fat

which of the following Mr. Potato Head phenotypes are dominant? Select all that apply.

two ears, no eyes, smiling

During meiosis, a cell undergoes

two nuclear divisions but only one DNA replication

When a DNA molecule doubles, the chromosomes are made up of

two sister chromatids

The key to extracting a high amount of DNA from your sample is _____.

vigorously grinding up your tissue sample.

When glucose is fully metabolized through glycolysis and aerobic respiration, what are the waste products? Select all that apply.

water, carbon dioxide