Bio 111 Lab Practical 2

A form of passive transport. Molecules move across the plasma membrane using a transport protein

facilitated diffusion

Part C Click on the brown debris to start the animation. This is an animation of _____.

phagocytosis

The DNA-containing region of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.

D (Nucleoid region/DNA)

Which of these provides the cell with structural support?

D (microfilaments)

Part A Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via _____.

into ... membranous vesicles

Endocytosis moves materials _____ a cell via _____.

into, membranous vesicles

The plant cell wall

is a protective structure made of cellulose fibrils

Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-product?

peroxisome

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____

phagocytosis

A white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of _____.

phagocytosis

Which of these is hydrophobic like the interior of the plasma membrane?

A

Which of these structures stores, modifies, and packages products?

A (ribosomes)

Choose the letter that indicates the organelle that contains most of a cell's DNA.

C (nucleus)

The structure that regulates the passage of material into and out of this bacterial cell is indicated by the letter _____.

C (plasma membrane)

Found in plant cells but not in animal cells

Cell walls and chloroplasts

_____ are found only in plant cells, but _____ are found in both plant and animal cells.

Central vacuoles; ribosomes

Which of these is the double membrane that encloses the nucleus?

E (nuclear envelope)

A vesicle inside the cell fuses with the plasma membrane and releases its contents outside the cell

Exocytosis

_____ aid in the coordination of the activities of adjacent animal cells.

Gap junctions

Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion?

Lysosome

Which of the following organelles breaks down worn-out organelles?

Lysosomes

Found in both plant and animal cells

Nucleus, ER

What structure acts as a selective barrier, regulating the traffic of materials into and out of the cell?

Plasma membrane

_____ are the sites of protein synthesis.

Ribosomes

Drag the labels onto the flowchart to trace the movement of proteins through the endomembrane system and out of the cell.

Rough ER> Vesicle from ER>Golgi apparatus>Vesicle from Golgi>Plasma Membrane

Where are lipids made in the cell?

Smooth ER

Which of the following is a function of the central vacuole?

Storing compounds produced by the cell

Which of the following describes the function of the chloroplast?

The chloroplast converts light energy to chemical energy.

Requires energy from the cell. Molecules move against their concentration gradient.

active transport

_____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles.

basel bodies

What name is given to the rigid structure, found outside the plasma membrane, that surrounds and supports the bacterial cell?

cell wall

The _____ is composed of DNA and protein.

chromatin

The structural framework in a cell is the

cytoskeleton

The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells together.

desmosomes

A form of passive transport. Molecules move across the plasma membrane by crossing the lipid bilayer.

diffusion

The plasma membrane forms a pocket that pinches inward, forming a vesicle that contains material from outside the cell

endycytosis

A specific ______ speeds up each of a cell's chemical reactions

enzyme

Through energy coupling, cells use _________, or energy releasing, reactions to drive _________, or energy requiring, reactions. the molecule ________is the energy shuttle between these two types of reactions.

exergonic, endergonic, ATP

Part B Click on the vesicle to start the animation. This is an animation of _____.

exocytosis

mechanisms such as ______________, enable precise control over a cell's ______________- all of its chemical reactions

feedback inhibition; metabolism

_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to a surface.

fimbriae

Which of the following is part of the endomembrane system?

golgi apparatus

This cell is in a(n) _____ solution.

hypertonic

You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because it _____.

hypertonic solution ... lost water

You know that this cell is in a(n) _____ solution because the cell _____.

hypotonic ... swelled

This plant cell is _____.

in a hypotonic solution

Found in animal cells but not most plant cells

lysosomes

What carries instructions for making proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm?

mRNA (messenger RNA)

The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are composed of _____.

microtubules

Which of these are hollow rods that shape and support the cell?

microtubules

Where in a cell is ATP made?

mitochondria

Which of these organelles carries out cellular respiration?

mitochondrion

Which plant cell organelle converts chemical fuel into packets of chemical energy that can power the cell?

mitochondrion

Where is a bacterial cell's DNA found?

nucleoid region

Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.

nucleolus

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored?

nucleus

What name is given to the process by which water crosses a selectively permeable membrane?

osmosis

What name is given to this process?

osmosis

There are three main types of cellular work: chemical,transport, and movement. most of this work is powered by the transfer of a phosphate group from one molecule to another in a process known as ___________

phosphorylation

Part D Click on the extracellular fluid to start the animation. You know that this process is _____ because _____.

pinocytosis ... the cell is engulfing extracellular fluid

The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the passage of material into and out of the cell.

plasma membrane

The _____ is the bacterial structure that acts as a selective barrier, allowing nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave the cell.

plasma membrane

What is the function of a bacterium's capsule?

protection

Part E Click on the receptor protein to start the animation. This is an animation of _____.

receptor-mediated endocytosis

In a bacterium, where are proteins synthesized?

ribosomes

One of the ways smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) differs from rough endoplasmic reticulum is that rough ER is covered by

ribosomes.

Which of these manufactures cellular membranes by adding membrane proteins and phospholipids to its own membrane?

rough endoplasmic reticulm

Where is calcium stored?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the passage of materials?

tight junctions

In eukaryotic cells the first step in protein synthesis is the _____.

transferring of information from DNA to messenger RNA

Structure A is a(n) _____.

transport protein