Bio 206 exam 1 review
Think about a 10% saline solution (saline refers to salt.). Which of the following is a correct statement?
It contains 10% solute and 90% solvent
What is the function of the annulus fibrosus?
Its collagen fibers attach the intervertebral disc to the bodies of adjacent vertebrae.
In the body, what type of functions do positive feedback loops perform?
Positive feedback loops operate when a potentially dangerous or stressful process must be completed quickly before homeostasis can be restored.
Anatomically, the forearm is known as which of the following?
antebrachium
The glycocalyx:
binds to extracellular structures and is important in cell recognition and lubrication of the cell surface
A red blood cell (RBC) in a hypotonic solution:
may hemolyze
Abduction is a __________.
movement away from the midline
condylar joints; such as that between the radius and scaphoid; are capable of what typer of movement?
opposition
At puberty, __________.
osteoblasts begin producing bone faster than chondrocytes are producing new epiphyseal cartilage
Which component is NOT present in spongy bone?
osteons
Which of the following represents a gliding joint?
sternoclavicular joints
Which is the last phase of endochondral ossification?
An epiphyseal cartilage separates the epiphysis from the diaphysis.
In humans, cells:
Do not exist as independent entities
Firm, rubbery matrix is a structural feature of which connective tissue type?
cartilage
Rickets develops in growing children who are not exposed to sunlight and, therefore, have a deficiency of __________.
cholecalciferol
Patterns established by these fibers determine the lines of cleavage.
collagen and elastic fibers
With aging, hair turns gray or white due to which of the following causes?
decreased melanocyte activity
The terms thick and thin refer to the relative thickness of which structure?
epidermis
Which tissue type lines the inner surfaces of the blood vessels and heart?
epithelial tissue
Which bone is NOT formed via intramembranous ossification?
femur
During wound repair, the activity of which cells leads to the appearance of collagen fibers and typical ground substance
fibroblasts
Which tissue type, found within the knee joint and between the pubic bones of the pelvis, resists compression and limits relative movement?
fibrocartilage
Long nones have _____ covering their _______; where they articulate with other bones
hyaline cartilage; ephyises
Movement in the anterior-posterior plane that increases the angle between articulating elements past the anatomical position is called __________.
hyperextension
Which primary vertebral ligament connects the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae?
interspinous ligament
Which sensory receptor is found in the deep layer of the dermis?
lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle
which layer of the bone is connected to the ligament
periosteum
The extracellular matrix of connective tissues consists of which of the following?
protein fibers and ground substance
At which joint do pronation and supination occur?
proximal radio-ulnar joint
Which appendicular joint firmly attaches the axial skeleton to the pelvic girdle?
sacro-iliac joint
Which class of bones develops inside tendons and is most commonly located near joints at the knees, the hands, and the feet
sesamoid bones
Tertiary protein structure results mainly from which interaction or bonding?
the interactions between the polypeptide chain and the surrounding water molecules
What is the function of enzymes?
to lower the activation energy requirements of a reaction
In cardiac physiology, why must blood pressure in the major arteries be maintained within normal limits?
to prevent vessel damage and vessel collapse from high and low pressures, respectively
Which of the following is not a surface feature of the pelvis?
trochanter
