Bio II: Chapter 8
DNA
A chromosome contains one long (blank) molecule
Zygote
A fertilized egg
3
A person with down syndrome has this many number 21 chromosomes
Karyotype
A photographic inventory of an individuals
Meiosis
A process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is kind the half to the separation of them Homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
Single
A prokaryote has a (blank) simple chromosome
Maleness
A single Y chromosome is enough to produce...
Homologous
A term used to refer to chromosomes that each has a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent
Turner
A woman with only one X chromosome is said to have this syndrome
Duplication
Addition of a fragment to sister chromatid
Sterility
An abnormal number of chromosomes often results in this
Somatic cell
Any cell in a multicellular organism except an egg cell or sperm cell
Bacterium
Atypical (blank) has about 3000 genes
Homologous chromosomes
Carry genes controlling the same inherited trait
Congenital disorder
Chromosomal changes in egg or sperm cells
Chromatids
Chromosome duplication produces too sister (blank)
Cancer
Chromosome will changes and the somatic cell contribute to this
Dividing
Chromosomes are clearly visible only when the cell is
Stains
Chromosomes are named for their affinity to (blank) used in microscopy
2n
Diploid number for humans
Leukemia
Down syndrome individuals are prone to this desease
Birth
Down syndrome is the most serious comment (blank) defect in the US
Tetrad
Each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosomes
Protein
Eukaryotic chromosomes involve more (blank) molecules and those of bacteria
XX
Female genotype
N
Haploid number for humans
Sister chromatid
In meiosis II to these may fail to separate
XXY
Klinefelter syndrome
SRY genes
Located on the Y chromosome direct the development of male parts
Deletion
Loss of a fragment of a chromosome
XY
Male genotype
Aborted
Most human offspring with abnormal numbers of chromosomes are spontaneously...
Gametes
Non-disjunction results in extra or are missing chromosomes in...
XXX
None normal female
XYY
None normal male
4
Number of chromatids in a tetrad
46
Number of chromosomes that are present in human somatic cells
Fetal
Pregnant women over 35 years of age are candidates for (blank) testing
Gene
Proteins help determine chromosome structure and control (blank) activity
Inversion
Reattachment of a fragment in reverse order
Gamete
Sex cell
X and Y
Sex chromosomes
Centromere
Sister chromatids are joined at the
Haploid
So with a single chromosome set
Fewer
The Y chromosome carries (blank) genes then the x chromosome
Translocation
The attachment of a chromosome fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome
Autosomes
The first 22 pairs of chromosomes
Species
The number of chromosomes and a eukaryotic cell depends on the
Fertilization
The union of the nucleus of the sperm cell with the nucleus of an egg cell producing a zygote
Human
These Cells carry about 35,000 genes in 46 chromosomes
Eukaryotic
These cells have more chromosomes and genes than prokaryotes do
Age
This incidence of down syndrome increases with the (blank) of the mother
XO
Turner syndrome
Daughter
When a chromosome divides one sister chromatid goes to each (blank) cell
Nondisjunction
When members of a pair of chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
Chromatin
When they sell is not dividing chromosomes are long thin fibers called
Homologous chromosomes
are the same length have the same centromere position have the same staining pattern and possess genes of the same characteristics at the corresponding Loci
Multiple
genes in eukaryotic cells are grouped into (blank) chromosomes