Bio II: Chapter 8

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DNA

A chromosome contains one long (blank) molecule

Zygote

A fertilized egg

3

A person with down syndrome has this many number 21 chromosomes

Karyotype

A photographic inventory of an individuals

Meiosis

A process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is kind the half to the separation of them Homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

Single

A prokaryote has a (blank) simple chromosome

Maleness

A single Y chromosome is enough to produce...

Homologous

A term used to refer to chromosomes that each has a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent

Turner

A woman with only one X chromosome is said to have this syndrome

Duplication

Addition of a fragment to sister chromatid

Sterility

An abnormal number of chromosomes often results in this

Somatic cell

Any cell in a multicellular organism except an egg cell or sperm cell

Bacterium

Atypical (blank) has about 3000 genes

Homologous chromosomes

Carry genes controlling the same inherited trait

Congenital disorder

Chromosomal changes in egg or sperm cells

Chromatids

Chromosome duplication produces too sister (blank)

Cancer

Chromosome will changes and the somatic cell contribute to this

Dividing

Chromosomes are clearly visible only when the cell is

Stains

Chromosomes are named for their affinity to (blank) used in microscopy

2n

Diploid number for humans

Leukemia

Down syndrome individuals are prone to this desease

Birth

Down syndrome is the most serious comment (blank) defect in the US

Tetrad

Each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosomes

Protein

Eukaryotic chromosomes involve more (blank) molecules and those of bacteria

XX

Female genotype

N

Haploid number for humans

Sister chromatid

In meiosis II to these may fail to separate

XXY

Klinefelter syndrome

SRY genes

Located on the Y chromosome direct the development of male parts

Deletion

Loss of a fragment of a chromosome

XY

Male genotype

Aborted

Most human offspring with abnormal numbers of chromosomes are spontaneously...

Gametes

Non-disjunction results in extra or are missing chromosomes in...

XXX

None normal female

XYY

None normal male

4

Number of chromatids in a tetrad

46

Number of chromosomes that are present in human somatic cells

Fetal

Pregnant women over 35 years of age are candidates for (blank) testing

Gene

Proteins help determine chromosome structure and control (blank) activity

Inversion

Reattachment of a fragment in reverse order

Gamete

Sex cell

X and Y

Sex chromosomes

Centromere

Sister chromatids are joined at the

Haploid

So with a single chromosome set

Fewer

The Y chromosome carries (blank) genes then the x chromosome

Translocation

The attachment of a chromosome fragment to a nonhomologous chromosome

Autosomes

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes

Species

The number of chromosomes and a eukaryotic cell depends on the

Fertilization

The union of the nucleus of the sperm cell with the nucleus of an egg cell producing a zygote

Human

These Cells carry about 35,000 genes in 46 chromosomes

Eukaryotic

These cells have more chromosomes and genes than prokaryotes do

Age

This incidence of down syndrome increases with the (blank) of the mother

XO

Turner syndrome

Daughter

When a chromosome divides one sister chromatid goes to each (blank) cell

Nondisjunction

When members of a pair of chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis

Chromatin

When they sell is not dividing chromosomes are long thin fibers called

Homologous chromosomes

are the same length have the same centromere position have the same staining pattern and possess genes of the same characteristics at the corresponding Loci

Multiple

genes in eukaryotic cells are grouped into (blank) chromosomes


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