Bio Psy Ch. 2
What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?
Spatial summation depends on contributions from more than one sensory neuron.
The primary difference between an EPSP and an action potential is that ____.
EPSPs are subthreshold events that decay over time and space
Generally speaking, a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.
False
Most of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter glutamate.
True
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) controls secretions of the ____.
adrenal cortex
Reuptake is an alternative to which other process?
breaking down neurotransmitters via an enzymatic process
Depolarization is to ____ as hyperpolarization is to ____.
excitation; inhibition
Vesicles are located ____.
in presynaptic terminals
The "spontaneous firing rate" of a neuron refers to ____.
its rate of producing action potentials even when it is not stimulated
A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____.
prolonging the action of acetylcholine at its synapses
What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?
proteins found in the diet
The presynaptic terminal stores high concentrations of neurotransmitter molecules in ____.
vesicles
What do dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine share in common?
They are all synthesized from the same amino acids.
Autoreceptors monitor the ____.
amount of neurotransmitter released
"Second messengers" carry their messages to ____.
areas within the postsynaptic cell
On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.
can be made by neurons efficiently
Which process will most likely result in an IPSP?
chloride ions entering the cell
A hormone is a chemical that is ____.
conveyed by the blood to other organs, whose activity it influences
Inhibitory synapses on a neuron ____.
hyperpolarize the postsynaptic cell
An action potential causes the release of neurotransmitters by ____.
opening calcium pores in the membrane
Temporal summation most likely occurs with ____.
rapid succession of subthreshold excitation
What is the proper ordering of a reflex arc?
sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron.
Specialized junctions between neurons are called ____.
synapses
