Bio Psy Ch. 2

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What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?​

​Spatial summation depends on contributions from more than one sensory neuron.

The primary difference between an EPSP and an action potential is that ____.​

EPSPs are subthreshold events that decay over time and space

Generally speaking, a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.​

False

Most of the brain's excitatory ionotropic synapses use the neurotransmitter glutamate.​

True

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) controls secretions of the ____.​

adrenal cortex

Reuptake is an alternative to which other process?​

breaking down neurotransmitters via an enzymatic process

Depolarization is to ____ as hyperpolarization is to ____.​

excitation; inhibition

Vesicles are located ____.​

in presynaptic terminals

The "spontaneous firing rate" of a neuron refers to ____.​

its rate of producing action potentials even when it is not stimulated

A drug that inhibits the action of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase will have the effect of ____.​

prolonging the action of acetylcholine at its synapses

What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?​

proteins found in the diet

The presynaptic terminal stores high concentrations of neurotransmitter molecules in ____.​

vesicles

What do dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine share in common?​

​They are all synthesized from the same amino acids.

Autoreceptors monitor the ____.​

​amount of neurotransmitter released

"Second messengers" carry their messages to ____.​

​areas within the postsynaptic cell

​On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.

​can be made by neurons efficiently

Which process will most likely result in an IPSP?​​

​chloride ions entering the cell

A hormone is a chemical that is ____.​

​conveyed by the blood to other organs, whose activity it influences

Inhibitory synapses on a neuron ____.​

​hyperpolarize the postsynaptic cell

An action potential causes the release of neurotransmitters by ____.​

​opening calcium pores in the membrane

Temporal summation most likely occurs with ____.​

​rapid succession of subthreshold excitation

What is the proper ordering of a reflex arc?​

​sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron.

Specialized junctions between neurons are called ____.​

​synapses


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