Biology 1013 Launchpad Ch.5 Quiz

How do chlorophyll pigments absorb energy from light?

A photon excites an electron in the chlorophyll to a higher energy state.

Which molecules are reactants in photosynthesis in plants?

- carbon dioxide - water

Which of the statements describe photosynthesis?

- is a cellular process that occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells - converts carbon dioxide (CO2) to sugars, releasing oxygen (O2) - produces sugars for the plant using the energy from sunlight

Which substances are produced during photosynthesis in plants?

- oxygen - carbohydrates

Why are algae considered more valuable for biofuel than plants (such as corn)?

Algae are cheaper to grow than plants.

How do the environmental costs of growing algae for biofuel production compare to other crop options?

Algae require less fertilizer than corn.

Which sequence correctly describes the inputs (I) and outputs (O) of photosynthesis?

I - carbon dioxide, photons, water; O - oxygen, glucose

Which statement describes the ways that photosynthetic algae and animals obtain energy?

Animals obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers.

_____ can directly use the energy of sunlight to make their own food, and _____ must rely on other organisms to provide the energy they need to survive.

Autotrophs; heterotrophs

Which sequence correctly describes the inputs (I) and outputs (O) of photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide, photons, and water are the inputs (I). Oxygen and glucose are the outputs (O).

Which statement accurately summarizes the process of photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts capture sunlight, water is split, oxygen is released, and carbon dioxide is used to convert chemical energy into glucose.

What does the law of conservation of energy state?

Energy cannot be either created or destroyed, but it can be transformed.

What would happen if algae, cyanobacteria, and plants were wiped out?

Heterotrophs would not be able to use autotrophs as an energy source.

Why did searching for unique algae species open new opportunities for their use as a biofuel?

It can make the process independent of sunlight.

Photosynthesis can be broken down into two basic mechanisms (photo and synthesis). Which sequence describes these two mechanisms?

Photo - absorption of light; Synthesis - carbon fixation

Photosynthesis can be broken down into two basic mechanisms (photo and synthesis). Which sequence describes these two mechanisms?

Photo refers to the absorption of light; Synthesis refers to carbon fixation.

Complete the photosynthesis reaction by placing the compounds and energy sources into the reaction as reactants or products. One molecule will not be placed: - Simple sugars - Carbon dioxide - Water - Oxygen - Nitrogen - Light energy

Photosynthesis reactants: Carbon dioxide, Water, Light energy Photosynthesis products: Simple sugars, Oxygen

Which of the statements regarding potential energy is true?

Potential energy is the energy that an object has based on its position.

What is the primary role of water in photosynthesis?

The breakdown of water provides electrons and H+ ions for the light reactions.

Why do many species of algae appear green?

The chlorophyll pigment they contain is green.

Why are energy-rich lipids from algae more useful as a fuel than energy-rich sugars and other carbohydrates produced by photosynthetic organisms such as corn and wheat?

The sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids and the lipids can be used directly as fuel.

Which statement describes the function of photosynthetic pigments in leaves?

They absorb light energy to produce high-energy electrons.

Why are algae considered more valuable for biofuel than plants (such as corn)?

They are cheaper to grow.

Imagine that you have discovered a new species that has the ability to consume other organisms for energy and also contains chloroplasts. What would these properties tell you about the organism?

This organism is both a heterotroph and an autotroph.

Photons are critical to the process of photosynthesis because photons _____.

are needed to excite the electrons of the pigment atoms in chlorophyll

The carbon fixation process of photosynthesis uses ________ energy

chemical

What energy source drives the carbon fixation process of photosynthesis, and where does it come from?

chemical energy from light absorption stored in ATP

Which sequence correctly traces the flow of energy needed to move an automobile?

chemical energy; heat energy; kinetic energy

The energy in a cereal bar is _____ energy. The energy of a cyclist pedaling is _____ energy.

chemical; kinetic

What organelle does an algae need to be able to conduct photosynthesis?

chloroplast

Which organelle do alga need in order to conduct photosynthesis?

chloroplast

Which of these are photosynthetic organisms?

cyanobacteria and plants

Which of these photon wavelengths contains the greatest amount of energy?

gamma rays

How can algal biofuel production companies decrease production costs?

genetically engineer or modify algae

Each time energy is converted from one form to another, a percentage of that energy is lost as _____ or fails to be converted.

heat

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis. Where do the carbon atoms of glucose produced during photosynthesis come from?

molecules in air

The energy of sunlight exists in the form of _____.

photons

Plants synthesize their own food in the form of sugars during the process of ____

photosynthesis

The fuel used to run our cars contains _____ energy.

potential

The most significant difference between biofuels and fossil fuels is that biofuels are

renewable fuels made from living organisms, whereas fossil fuels are nonrenewable fuels extracted from the earth

What provides the energy that excites the electrons in the chlorophyll molecules?

sunlight

What is energy?

the ability of a system to do work

Choose the best description of kinetic energy.

the energy an object has due to its motion

Kinetic energy is best described as _____.

the energy of movement

Which factor is NOT driving our search for alternative fuel sources?

the large amount of water and pesticides used when biodiesel is produced from corn

Which of the statements describes heat?

the transfer of energy from a system with more thermal energy to a system with less thermal energy

What is the source of the electrons that replace the excited electrons lost from chlorophyll?

water

When considering which biofuel is the most sustainable, which of these must be considered?

water, energy, and fertilizer and pesticide use