biology DNA test

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nitrogen bases found in dna

Thymine adenine cytosine guanine

Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?

because the two parental strands of dna make 2 new daughter strands

dna helicase

breaks hydrogen bonds and unzips the original parent dna molecule

during dna replication the enzyme that adds complementary nucleotides to the new strand is called

dna polymerase

adenine and thymine

has 2 hydrogen bonds

is dna the same among eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells

it is not , eukaryotic cells - tighter bounded prokaryotic - looser more freely moving

dna polymarase

reads the dna and determines which new nucleotides to add to the parental strand

before dna can replication what first must happen to the dna molecule

the helicase dna splits and makes new dna

according to the base pairing rules adenine always bonds with

thymine

rna does not contain the nitrogen base ________ instead rna contains ______________ which is complementary to _______________

thymine' URACIL adenine in dna

the sugar phosphate backbone of dna is

antiparallel

DNA

double stranded larger has A,T, C,G contains deoxyribose

Both RNA and DNA

have AGC contains a sugar

dna nitrogeneous bases bond together with ___________ bonds

hydrogen

translation

mrna that was manufactured during transcription is translated into an amino acid sequence

RNA stands for

ribonucleic acid

mrna

messenger RNA

the sugar found in RNA is called 5 carbon sugar ribose it has one _____ oxygen atom compared to deoxyribose

more

dna is made up of repeating individual units called

nucleic acids

dna is always found within the ___________ of the cell

nucleus

What are purines and pyrimidines? how are they related and how are they different?

purines- adenine and guanine pyrimidines- cytosine and thymine differences- they bond with the oppositses similarities - they both bond with something else

purines always bond with

pyrimidines

DNA replication is _________-_________________ because each new dna molecule consists of one parental strand and one one new strand

semi conservative

RNA

single stranded smaller has AGCU contains 5 carbon sugar ribose

transcription

the enzyme rna polymerase temporarily unzips DNA and adds complementary rna nucleotides to the growing mrna strand

what is the function of dna

to store heredity information and make proteins

trna

transfer RNA

the outer portion of the dna molecule is called the sugar phosphate ___________

backbone

A ________ is a section of dna or rna that consists of 3 nucleotides that form a code

codon

adenine

A double-ring nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA. purine bonds with thymine

chargaffs rule states that dna from any cell should have a ____ ratio of ______________ and ______________ bases (as per base pairing rule )

1:1 pyrimidine purine

if a dna molecule contains 30% adenine how much cytosine does it contain

20% cytosine because 30% A + 30% T =60% 40% = 20% C + 20% G =100%

cytosine and guanine

3 hydrogen bonds

if a dna molecule consists of 20% adenine how much guanine will be present

30%

guanine

A double-ring nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA. purine bonds with cytosine

What is RNA polymerase?

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that binds to DNA during transcription and separates or unwinds the DNA strands.

rrna

Ribosomal RNA

cytosine

A single-ring nitrogenous base found in DNA and RNA. pyrimidine bonds with guanine

thymine

A single-ring nitrogenous base found in DNA. pyrimidine bonds with adenine

dna stands for ___________________________ and can be found in the _________________ dna is a large molecule made of smaller units called _________

Deoxyribonucleic acid nucleus nucleotides

which scientists helped to determine the structure of dna :

Rosalind franklin james Watson francis crick Erwin chargaff

proteins are made up of smaller units called ________ ____________

amino acids


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