Business ethics final true/false study set

All gifts are bribes

false

When advertisers conceal facts, they suppress information that is favorable to their products

false

A conflict of interest arises when an employee has private interests that are substantial enough to interfere with his or her job duties.

true

A kickback is a kind of bribe.

true

An employee can have a conflict of interest even if he or she doesn't act to the detriment of the organization.

true

A psychological appeal is one that aims to persuade by appealing primarily to reason and not to human emotional needs

false

Fatigue and stress is less of a health problem than it used to be.

false

Prudential reasons are those moral reasons that are separate from self-interest.

false

Strict liability is the same thing as absolute liability

false

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) outlaws grease payments.

false

The Supreme Court has rejected the idea that inside trading involves "misappropriating" confidential information.

false

Cost-benefit analysis is a device used to determine whether it's worthwhile to incur a particular cost

true

Anti-paternalism gains plausibility from the view that individuals know their own interests better than anyone else and that they are fully informed and able to advance those interests.

true

Business's responsibility for understanding and providing for consumer needs derives from the fact that citizen-consumers are dependent on business to satisfy their needs.

true

By definition, whistle-blowing can only be done by a past or present member of the organization.

true

Due process requires specific and systematic means for workers to appeal discharge or disciplinary decisions.

true

No set of assumptions about human nature is absolutely correct or incorrect, nor is there one perfectly right way to manage.

true

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) was established over seventy-five years ago to protect consumers against deceptive advertising.

true

The controversy over legal paternalism pits the values of individual freedom and autonomy against social welfare.

true

The reliability of a test refers to the quality of exhibiting a reasonable consistency in results obtained.

true

The word "ecosystem" refers to a total ecological community, both living and non-living.

true

Three approaches have gained the most attention when it comes to achieving our environmental goals: the use of regulations, incentives, and pricing mechanisms.

true

30. A corporate boycott occurs when an organized body of workers withholds its labor to force an employer to comply with its demands.

false

31. A primary boycott occurs when people refuse to patronize companies that handle products of struck companies.

false

A job description describes the qualifications an employee needs, such as skills, educational experience, appearance, and physical attributes

false

According to Norman Bowie, whistle-blowing can never be justified because it involves violating one's duties to the organization.

false

Affirmative action is synonymous for reverse discrimination.

false

An isolated or occasional remark or innuendo inevitably constitutes sexual harassment.

false

Business is right to insist that accidents occur exclusively as a result of product misuse and that it is thereby absolved of all responsibility.

false

Congress has now outlawed puffery

false

Economists favor legal paternalism because it prevents individuals from balancing safety against price.

false

Employees have no obligations to people with whom they have no business relations.

false

Inbreeding is the practice of showing favoritism to relatives and close friends

false

Kantians would support repudiate job discrimination as necessary to respect people as ends in themselves.

false

Men cannot be the victims of sexual harassment.

false

Nepotism is the practice of promoting exclusively from within the firm.

false

Notification of employee monitoring constitutes consent on the part of the employee to be monitored.

false

Parental leave and flexible work arrangements always hurt the bottom line, however much they may benefit parents.

false

Prudential reasons are reasons that refer to the interests of others and the demands of morality.

false

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 applies to all employers, both public and private, with twenty five or more employees.

false

The Employee Polygraph Protection Act permits most private employers to use lie detectors in "pre-employment testing."

false

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 forbids companies to pay kickbacks in the United States, but permits them to pay kickbacks to companies outside the United States.

false

The SEC's insider-trading rule reduces equality of opportunity in the marketplace

false

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act weakened legal protections for whistle-blowers

false

The Supreme Court has ruled that sexual favoritism is a form of sexual harassment and is therefore illegal.

false

The law precisely defines the concept of a trade secret, just as it does patents and copyrights

false

The only true form of job discrimination is intentional and individual

false

The rising affluence of people in the United States has meant a corresponding decrease in pollution and its attendant environmental problems in the United States.

false

n the 1960 case Henningsen v. Bloomfield Motors and the 1963 case Greenman v. Yuba PowerProducts, injured consumers were awarded damages based on their proving that the manufacturers of the defective products were negligent.

false

The doctrine of caveat emptor means that the law may be justifiably used to restrict the freedom of individuals for their own good.

False

"Weasel words" are words used to evade or retreat from a direct or forthright statement

true

26. Just cause requires that reasons for discipline or discharge related directly to job performance.

true

27. When weighing the decisions to terminate employees, companies need to remember that employment affects families and communities, not just individuals.

true

28. Labor historians generally consider the Knights of Labor (K of L), established in 1869, as the first truly national trade union.

true

29. From the beginning, unions have been driven by an attempt to protect workers from abuses of power at the hands of employers.

true

A bribe is remuneration for the performance of an act that's inconsistent with the work contract or the nature of the work one has been hired to perform.

true

According to Norman Bowie's definition, whistle-blowing is conceptually restricted to reporting on activities that are harmful to third parties, violations of human rights, or contrary to the public purpose and legitimate goals of the organization.

true

Any drug-testing program, assuming it is warranted, must be careful to respect the dignity and rights of the persons to be tested.

true

As a general rule, if the contents of the work agreement that exists between the employee and the employer are legal and if the employee freely consents to them, then the employee is under an obligation to fulfill the terms of the agreement.

true

As a general rule, the burden is on an organization to establish the legitimacy of infringing on what would normally be considered the personal sphere of the individual.

true

Employees have a legal right to refuse to work when it exposes them to imminent danger.

true

Employees have certain general duties to their employers, and because of the specific business, professional, or organizational responsibilities they have assumed, they may have other more precise role-based obligations

true

In 1928, U.S. Supreme Court Judge Louis D. Brandeis described the right to privacy, or "the right to be left alone," as "the right most valued by men."

true

Informed consent implies deliberation and free choice.

true

Insider trading is the buying or selling of stocks by business "insiders" on the basis of information that has not yet been made public and is likely to affect the price of the stock.

true

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.

true

One of the chief concerns of nepotism is the disregard of managerial responsibilities to the organization and of fairness to other employees.

true

One study suggests a positive correlation between job satisfaction and longevity.

true

Privacy is widely acknowledged today to be a fundamental right.

true

Subliminal advertising is advertising that supposedly communicates at a level beneath our conscious awareness.

true

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (later amended by the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972) prohibits all forms of discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion, or national origin.

true

When faced with a moral decision, employees should follow the two-step procedure of identifying the relevant obligations, ideals, and effects, and then deciding where the emphasis should lie among these considerations.

true