Cells- Unit # Biology Test

Why will eternal fluid like water flow into a plant? (think diffusion)

2 reasons: external water concentration is greater (goes from high outside to low inside the plant) external salt concentration is less (means too much salt inside so need more water to reach equilibrium or balance it)

T or F THe simplest operational cell is still more complex than a computer?

True

cytoplasm

all cellular material outside the nucleus, jelly-like substance that the organelles are in

epidermis

an outer covering of the cells

Some leukocytes absorb entire __________________ by the process of phagocytosis (leukocytes are a type of white blood cell/ part of the immune system that fights off infection in the body)

bacteria

similar bacteria or protozoa which group together

colonial

nucleus

control center of the cell

plasma membrane

controls what comes into and goes out of the cell

the natural tendency of molecules to move from higher to lower concentration is called

diffusion

organism

functional plant or animal with interrelated parts

What characteristic is completely unique about DNA?

it contains coded information that is the blueprint for life or the making of another organism

cell wall

outer covering/ extra covering around a PLANT cell made of fibrous material

organismal theory

the theory that a functioning organism represents life

T or F The taxonomic classification of ALL organisms is certain. (remember taxonomy is the classification system to organize organisms by kingdom, phylum, class, order, genius, species

False

What is cellular respiration (compare it to what human cells need)

carbon dioxide diffuses passively out of the cell to get rid of it oxygen diffuses passively when converted to carbon dioxide in the cell

cell theory

theory that states that each cell possesses a life of its own

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis.

6CO2 + 12H20 __chlorophyll----- C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O you might want to look at this in your notes since I couldn't do coefficients and subscripts correctly

T or F Current scientific methods can conclusively distinguish between all microorganisms?

False

T or F Simple cell division of both plants and animals is an identical process.

False

vacuole

large storage structures

The relative concentration of water in a hypertonic solution is ________________________.

low

hypertonic

means out of the cell- (high to low)

Where does the Krebs cycle occur? (krebs cycle is when most living cells generate energy during the process of aerobic respiration. remember aerobic respiration means when oxygen is present. It takes ADP and turns it into ATP

mitochondria

What is a leukocyte responsible for?

phagocytosis- the process by which a cell uses its plasma membrane to engulf a large particle; way to protect the cell by engulfs or getting rid of something harmful antibody production- Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood to kill them

The plasma membrane of a human cell acts like a _______________

selective gatekeeper by being semi-permeable and letting some things in and not letting some things in the cell

nucleolus

small structures within the nucleus that makes the needed ribosomal RNA for a cell RNA is part of the genetic code- similar to DNA