CH 107 - Module 4

Which of the following are physical properties of aldehydes and ketones?

- Boiling points of aldehydes and ketones are intermediate between those of alcohols and alkanes of similar molecular mass. - Boiling points of aldehydes and ketones are higher than alkanes of similar molecular mass because of the polarity of the carbonyl group. - Low molecular mass aldehydes have pungent, penetrating, unpleasant odors and ketones generally have pleasant odors.

What is the IUPAC suffix associated with aldehydes?

-al

What is the IUPAC suffix associated with ketones?

-one

The IUPAC name for the compound CH3-C(=O)-CH2-CH-CH(-CH3)-CH3

4-methyl-2-pentanone

A hemiacetal is a compound in which:

A hydroxy group and an alkoxy group are attached to the same carbon atom.

A carbonyl group with at least one hydrogen atom attached is called a

Aldehyde

Which of the following statements concerning the oxidation of aldehydes and ketones is correct?

Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation and ketones are resistant to oxidation.

A carbonyl group with two other carbon atoms attached is called a

Ketone

Which of the following statements concerning aldehydes and ketones is correct?

No cyclic aldehydes exist.

Which of the following compounds are produced when a sulfur atom replaces the carbonyl oxygen atom?

Thials and Thiones

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonding is correct?

Which of the following statements concerning hydrogen bonding is correct?

The structural difference between a hemiacetal and an acetal is the replacement of

a -OH group with an -OR group

What two functional groups are never found at the end of a carbon chain?

ether and ketone

Comparison of the boiling points of aldehydes and ketones with those of other compounds of similar molecular mass shows that they are

higher than those of alkanes

Aldehydes are prepared by a mild oxidation of a _______ alcohol

primary

The IUPAC name for the compound CH3-CH2-C(=O)-H is

propionaldehyde

Reduction of a ketone produces which of the following compounds?

secondary

ketones are prepared by a mild oxidation of a ______ alcohol.

secondary

Ketones may be prepared by the oxidation of

secondary alcohols