Ch 12 Core Concept #1

Gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA based on _________.

size

Frequently, genetic engineers use plasmids, which are _____.

small circlets of DNA found in bacteria

The unpaired nucleotides produced by the action of restriction enzymes are referred to as _____.

sticky ends

To create a molecule of recombinant DNA, which of the following is cut with a restriction enzyme?

target DNA AND starting DNA

DNA synthesized using an RNA template is called _____.

cDNA

Restriction enzymes __________________________.

cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences

The sticky end of the DNA restriction fragment shown here will pair with a DNA restriction fragment with the sticky end _____.

-ACGT

Check each of the true statements about the proteins involved in cutting and pasting DNA. More than one statement may be true.

A restriction enzyme cuts DNA while DNA ligase pastes DNA. AND A particular restriction enzyme only cuts DNA at one very specific DNA sequence. AND DNA ligase pastes together segments of DNA with matching sticky ends.

Which one of the following statements is correct?

If a restriction enzyme is combined with a piece of DNA that contains its restriction site, the result will be restriction fragments.

Which of the following is an example of a transgenic organism?

a bacterium with human gene for producing insulin

A genomic library is _____.

a collection of cloned DNA fragments from an organism's genome

What does the term vector refer to in genetic engineering?

a plasmid or other agent used to transfer DNA into a living cell

An enzyme that "cuts" DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotide bases is called _____.

a restriction enzyme

Copies of cloned genes are stored in a _____.

genomic library

A supplemental appendix is to a book as a ____________ is to a bacterial chromosome.

plasmid

The process of accurately amplifying a sample of DNA is called __________________________.

the polymerase chain reaction

Which of the following statements best defines recombinant DNA technology?

combining genes from different sources