Ch. 15 Cardiovascular System Quiz

heart rate in a fetus is about___in a newborn about___and in an adult about___.

145;140;70

The pulmonary trunk divides the right and left arteries about___centimeters above its origin

5

the heart pumps about____liters of blood a day and contracts about____times in a lifetime

7,000 liters; 2.5 billion

The mechanism that ensures the volume of blood discharged from the heart is equal to the volume entering its chambers is___ law of the heart

Frank-Starling's

which of the following waves of an ECG pattern is/are correctly described?

P wave-depolarization of atria

factors that increase the heart rate and blood pressure include

all of the above

kidney disease is caused hypertension by

all of the above

sudden cardiac arrest can result in

all of the above

the external carotid arteries branch to structures in the

all of the above

in the arterial disease atherosclerosis

all of the above may happen

once cells in the SA node reach threshold

an action potential is triggered

The structure that contain chemoreceptors that detect blood concentration of carbon dioxide and oxygen are

aortic bodies

a sphygmomanometer measures

blood pressure

Astronauts returning to earth feel unsteady because

blood volume dropped during prolonged exposure to microgravity so blood pressure is too low back on earth

the radial and ulner veins merge to form the___vein.

brachial

In the mitral valve prolapse, the mitral valve

bulges into the left atrium during ventricular contraction

in the mitral valve prolapse, the mitral valve

bulges into the left atrium during ventricular contraction

a left ventricle assist device

can maintain cardiac function until a donor heart becomes available

a left ventricular assist device

can maintain function until a donor becomes available

which of the following helps return blood to the heart?

contracting skeletal muscles

The effect on the heart of excess potassium ion concentration usually is

decreased rate and decreased force of contraction

In an ECG pattern, the P wave is caused by

depolarization of atrial muscle fibers

In an ECG, pattern, the T wave is caused by

depolarization of ventricular muscle fibers

The skeleton of the heart is the

endocardium

blood from the face and scalp drain by the

external jugular vein

small areas of the myocardium contracting chaotically is called

fibrillation

the skeleton of the heart consists of

fibrous connective tissue encircling the atrioventricular orifices

The longest vein in the body is the

great saphenous vein

water and dissolved substances leave the arteriole end of a capillary due to_____ and enter the venule end of a capillary due to___.

hydrostatic pressure being higher than osmotic pressure; osmotic pressure being higher than hydrostatic pressure

Which of the following is not a normal response to physical excercise?

increased blood flow to the abdominal viscera

Angiotensin II increases blood pressure by

increasing peripheral resistance

Majorie suffers from phlebitis. she has

inflammation of the veins

the celiac artery provides blood to the

liver and spleen

which of the following is not a factor that increases risk of developing atheroschlerosis?

low blood pressure

Plasma proteins in capillaries help to

maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood

which of the following correctly matches the valve to its function?

mitral-valve permits one-way blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle

because net inward pressure in venular capillary ends is less than net outward pressure at the anterior ends of capillaries

more fluid leaves the capillaries than returns

when venous pressure is too low__stimulates smooth muscles in the walls of veins to contract

parasympathetic reflexes

the loose fitting sac around the heart is the

parietal pericardium

which of the following is not a branch of the aorta?

pulmonary artery

When a person's pulse is taken by palpitation near the thumb on the wrist, which artery is felt?

radial artery

A person warming up after being cold feels a warm rush as blood flows quickly to the peripheral appendages. Nitric oxide is important in this stimulation because it

relaxes the smooth muscle in the blood vessel wall

Which of the following is the correct sequence of parts through which blood moves from the vena cava to the lungs?

right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve

blood flow to the right of the heart muscle decreases due to constriction of the __. and decreased blood flow to the heart tissue can result in

right coronary artery; ischemia

the normal pacemaker of the heart is

sinoatrial node

Bruce has colorectal cancer that has spread to his lymphatic system. He is given a drug that is an angiogenesis inhibitor. The drug works by

starving tumors by cutting their blood supplies

pulse pressure is calculated by

subtracting diastolic pressure from systolic pressure

Which of the following supplies blood to parts of the intestinal tract?

superior mesentric artery

circulation is vital because it

supplies oxygen and nutrients to and removes wastes from tissues

when venous pressure is too low, _____ stimulates smooth muscles in the walls of veins to contract

sympathetic reflexes

when venous pressure is too low, ____stimulates smooth muscle in the walls if veins to contract

sympathetic reflexes

Which of the following is true about the heart

the apex end points downward at about the 5th intercostal space

When the ventricular walls contract

the mitral and tricuspid valves close

the right atrium receives blood directly from

the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus

which artery is incorrectly matched to its location?

thyrocervical arteries; thymus

Listening with a stethoscope just to the right near the tip of the sternum, sounds come most distinctly from the

tricuspid valve

which type of blood vessel holds the greatest volume of blood

vein

arterial systolic pressure is most closely associated with

ventricular contraction

which of the following is the most life threatening

ventricular fibrillation

the blood pressure in the large systemic arteries is greatest during

ventricular systole

in the ECG pattern, the PQ interval indicates how long it takes for the cardiac impulse to travel from the

SA node through the AV node

In an ECG pattern, the PQ interval indicates how long it takes the cardiac impulse ti travel from the

SA node to the AV node

The correct sequence of parts carry cardiac impulses is

SA node, AV node, AV bundle, Purkinje fibers

Cells of the conducting system in the heart are more sensitive to which ion?

Potassium