Ch. 15 - Nutrition

A client with diabetes must monitor intake of sugar. Which client statement requires nursing intervention?

"At every meal, I ear bread with honey."

The nurse is preparing to perform a nutritional assessment for a client. Which question would be most appropriate to use when initiating the assessment?

"Can you tell me what you've eaten in the last 24 hours?"

A client is discussing vitamin and mineral intake with the nurse. Which client statement requires further nursing teaching?

"My husband and I are ordering a product that has megadoses of vitamins."

A healthy, nonpregnant, nonlactating woman asks the nurse how many calories a day she should consume. Which response from the nurse is accurate?

1,600-2,400 cal/day

A nurse is caring for an adult client who ate a chicken breast and drank a glass of water. There are 60 grams of protein in the chicken breast. Calculate the energy intake, in kilocalories, for this food.

240

A nurse is teaching clients about nutrition. How many kilocalories per gram would the nurse explain that proteins yield? Record your answer using a number.

4

A nurse is preparing an education plan for a client who is scheduled for a diagnostic procedure that requires a clear liquid diet the day before the procedure. When teaching the client about what he may consume, which food would the nurse include? (3)

Apple juice Gelatin Tea

A nurse is teaching a client about diabetes and glucose monitoring. What should the nurse include in the teaching?

Blood from the fingertips shows changes in glucose more quickly than other testing sites.

After reviewing the client's chart, the nurse notes that the client has been ordered a clear liquid diet. Which meal tray would the client be allowed to eat?

Bouillon, apple juice, and gelatin

A nurse is working with a 46-year-old woman who is working to lose weight. Based on recommendations from the USDA regarding diet modification, which is not appropriate advice for this client?

Drink juice for majority of fluid intake.

What independent nursing intervention can be implemented to stimulate appetite?

Encourage or provide oral care

A client resides in a long-term care facility. Which nursing intervention would promote increased dietary intake?

Encourage the client to eat in the dining room.

The nurse is teaching a client about the use of MyPlate. Which teaching will the nurse include regarding the food group that should constitute 30% of the client's daily meals? (2)

Grains Vegtables

A 56-year-old woman with a diagnosis of breast cancer is receiving chemotherapy and has been experiencing debilitating nausea throughout the course of treatment. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse assign to this client's health problem?

Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements

A client has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. What factors would the nurse identify as contributing to this syndrome? (4)

Obesity Abdominal fat Hypertension Elevated fat level

The average dietary nutrient intake level that meets the nutritional requirement of almost all healthy people in a selected age and gender group is the:

RDA level

The nurse has observed that a client's food intake has diminished in recent days. What intervention should the nurse perform in order to stimulate the client's appetite?

Try to ensure that the client's food is attractive and sufficiently warm.

The client reports to the nurse that she feels as if her eyes are persistently dry. This symptom is consistent with a deficiency in which dietary element?

Vitamin A

A 16-year-old adolescent informs her nurse that she became a vegetarian 1 year ago. Lately she is reporting fatigue and has trouble concentrating. A quick blood test ordered by her licensed provider informs the nurse that she has pernicious anemia. This is a deficiency of what vitamin?

Vitamin B12

Which vitamin is found only in animal foods?

Vitamin B12

A nurse in a rural health center meets a new client, age 4. The nurse notices as the client enters the clinic that his legs appear to be bowed. When he smiles, the nurse also notes that his dentition is quite malformed for a child his age. What vitamin deficiency would the nurse most suspect?

Vitamin D

Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?

Vitamin E

A client who has bleeding tendencies has a deficiency in which vitamin?

Vitamin K

An athlete wants to increase her intake of complex carbohydrates and asks the nurse about potential sources. Which food is considered a complex carbohydrate?

bread

Friends bring a 23-year-old woman to the emergency department after she fell down a flight of stairs at a party. The nurse notes that the client has very little muscle mass or fat stores on her body. What syndrome should the nurse suspect the woman has?

cachexia

The nurse is helping a client who eats a normal diet of 2000 calories daily to read a nutritional label on a box of cereal. Which nutrient does the nurse identify as appropriate for this client?

cholesterol less than 300mg

The physician has asked the nurse to prepare a list of laboratory tests needed to assess an obese client's daily fat intake. Which test would the nurse include on the list?

cholesterol level test

A woman consumes pasta, grains, and other carbohydrates for which purpose?

energy

Upon assessment, the nurse determines the client has a body mass index (BMI) of 45. This finding indicates the client is:

extremely obese

A nurse is caring for a client who has been ordered clear liquid diet. What can be included in the client's diet?

gelatin

Most nutritionists recommend having a proper amount of fiber in the diet. In addition to other benefits, how does fiber affect cholesterol?

increases fecal excretion of cholesterol

The nurse is caring for a client with an enlarged thyroid. What nutritional deficiency is linked to an enlarged thyroid?

iodine

A nurse is caring for a client with a wound infection. The dietician has prescribed a diet rich in vitamin A. The client asks the nurse, "Why do I need Vitamin A?" The nurse integrates an understanding of which rationale as a major reason when responding to the client?

it helps maintain healthy epithelium

A nurse has documented that a client has anorexia. What does this term mean?

lack of appetite

A client with influenza is prescribed a diet that is rich in fiber and carbohydrates. Which would the nurse incorporate into the education plan as a major reason for the high fiber diet?

maintenance of normal bowel elimination

A postmenopausal client wishes to increase the amount of vitamin D that she consumes to help keep her bones strong. Which food will the nurse recommend?

milk

An older adult client has a decubitus ulcer with drainage, dysphagia, and immobility. She consumes less than 300 calories per day and has a large amount of interstitial fluid. The client is in a state of:

negative nitrogen balance

A 45-year-old client on the inpatient unit has just resumed eating a normal diet. The nurse checks a blood sugar with the morning labs and the result is 99.10 mg/dL (5.5 mmol/L). How would the nurse interpret this blood glucose?

normal

The community nurse is educating client groups about nutrition. Which group does the nurse identify that will benefit most from nutritional counseling and intervention?

older adults living on a fixed income

A nurse is caring for a client who has a body mass index (BMI) of 26.5. Which category should the nurse understand this client would be placed in?

overweight

A nurse is working with a 45-year-old construction worker. The nurse obtains his height and weight and calculates that his BMI is 28. How would the nurse best classify James?

overweight

A client has just had abdominal surgery, and the nurse is consulting with him about his diet now that he is allowed to eat. Which nutrient is most important for wound healing?

protein

An 84-year-old resident of a long-term care facility developed the early signs and symptoms of Alzheimer disease several months ago and has experienced a significant decline in food intake as the disease has progressed. What action should the nurse take in order to promote nutrition for this client?

provide consistency in the time and place for eating each meal

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with high risk for cardiovascular disease. Which item should the nurse make sure is not on the client's dietary tray?

red meat

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic anemia. What should be included in the diet of this client?

red meat

The nurse is helping a client who wishes to increase Omega-3 fatty acids order breakfast. Which food will the nurse recommend?

salmon

The nurse is providing teaching for a postoperative client complaining of nausea. Which food would be the most appropriate to recommend?

saltine crackers

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local community group on healthy nutrition using information from the USDA's website, ChooseMyPlate.gov. Which recommendation would the nurse be least likely to include?

switching to whole milk

The nurse is teaching four clients in a community health center. Which client does the nurse identify as needing more servings per day of milk?

teenager who is in the second trimester of pregnancy

An older adult client informs the nurse that foods don't taste or smell the same and eating is a chore. What suggestion can the nurse provide to the client to address this age-related change?

try eating foods that are attractive and at proper temperature

A nurse is teaching a class on diet and nutrition to a group of mothers who are breast-feeding their infants. What would the nurse tell this group is the emphasis of nutritional guidelines?

variety