ch. 23 quiz

Reactions within ________ provide most of the energy needed by a typical cell. the mitochondria the nucleus cytoplasm the plasma membrane the endoplasmic reticulum

the mitochondria

Homeostatic control of body temperature is termed thermic monitoring. homeostasis. energetics. basal metabolic rate. thermoregulation

thermoregulation

The conversion of ammonia into a less toxic substance produces acetyl-CoA. nitrate. urea water ketone bodies.

urea

Glycolytic breakdown of glucose first results in __ molecules 4 NADH 4 ATP 2 CO2 2 pyruvate 2 H2O

2 pyruvate

________ creates 90 percent of the ATP normally generated. The electron transport system Oxidative phosphorylation Transamination Lipogenesis Glycolysis

Oxidative phosphorylation

what is a nutrient pool? the region in the mitochondria where hydrogen atoms are removed from organic molecules a general term for vitamins and minerals together an accessible source of substrates for a cell an alternative term for a bolus of food in the digestive system the metabolic reserves of the body

an accessible source of substrates for a cell

Metabolism can be defined as catabolism - anabolism. anabolism - catabolism. anabolism + catabolism. anabolism + heat. heat - catabolism.

anabolism + catabolism.

the citric acid cycle: consumes two moles or carbon dioxide forms acetyl-CoA from glucose-6-phosphate contains enzymes called cytochromes begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid directly produces most of the ATP from the catabolism of glucose

begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid

The process that catalyzes fatty acids using enzymes that generate acetyl-CoA is called beta-oxidation. lipolysis. emulsification lipogenesis. oxidative phosphorylation

beta-oxidation.

The lipoproteins that carry absorbed lipids from the intestinal tract to the bloodstream are the chylomicrons. very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). low-density lipoproteins (LDLs). high-density lipoproteins (HDLs). None of the answers is correct.

chylomicrons.

Cells do not synthesize new organic components for which of the following reasons? production of secretions creation of essential amino acids growth and repair regulation of homeostasis structural maintenance

creation of essential amino acids

Which step of glucose metabolism yields the greater amount of ATP? citric acid cycle glycolysis glycolysis + citric acid cycle electron transport system None of the answers is correct.

electron transport system

A high uric acid level (above 7.4 mg/dl) can lead to the painful condition known as lupus. rheumatoid arthritis. anorexia nervosa. gout none of the answers are correct

gout

Which of the following body systems is not involved in capturing or creating energy that is used to maintain one's metabolism? lymphatic muscular integumentary digestive cardiovascular

integumentary

The function of the citric acid cycle is to transfer the acetyl group. produce water. produce carbon dioxide. hydrolyze glucose. remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes.

remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes.

The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time is called glycolysis anabolism catabolism oxidative phosphorylation metabolism

metabolism

In the process of digestion, most nutrient absorption takes place in the small intestine. stomach. large intestine. duodenum. liver

small intestine.