Ch. 4 Online Questions
Visual information that reaches consciousness arrives at the ______ __________.
Calcarine sulcus.
Gray matter consists of ______ _______.
Cell bodies.
The ______ ________ is the boundary between the frontal and parietal lobes.
Central sulcus
The ______ _______ separates the frontal and parietal lobes.
Central sulcus.
The posterior boundary of the frontal lobe is the ______ sulcus.
Central.
The ______ ______ encases the pituitary gland.
Diaphragma sellae.
Brodmann's areas (BA) 46 and 9 combine to for the ______ _______ cortex.
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
The ______ ________ is the outermost meningeal lining of the brain.
Dura mater.
Where does auditory and visual information about the identify of an object combine?
Middle Temporal Gyrus.
Layer 1, which is the outermost layer of the cortex, is called the ______ ________.
Molecular layer.
White matter consists of ______ ________.
Myelinated fibers.
______ cells in the cerebral cortex are involved in sensory reception.
Stellate.
A ______ __________ is a clot of blood released beneath the dura mater.
Subdural hematoma.
A ______ is an in-folding of the cerebral cortex.
Sulcus.
A ______ is an infolding of the cerebral cortex.
Sulcus.
The ______ _______ _________ completely separates the left and right hemispheres.
Superior longitudinal fissure.
The left and right cerebral hemispheres are separated by the ______ _______ fissure.
Superior longitudinal fissure.
The ______ ______ ________ is part of the premotor cortex and is involved in motor planning, motor rehearsal, and motor inhibition.
Supplementary motor area (SMA).
The ______ ________ is involved in processing of phonological information.
Supramarginal gyrus.
Gyri and sulci allow the cortex to have greater ______ ______ within a compact space, giving the brain more computing power.
Surface area.
T/F A lesion to the left insular cortex can cause apraxia of speech.
TRUE.
T/F The ventricles of the brain developed during embryonic development.
TRUE.
T/F You can only see the insular cortex if you deflect the operculum.
TRUE.
The CSF in the 3rd ventricle is produced in the ______ _____.
Tela choroidea.
The cerebral cortex is separated from the cerebellum by the specific component of the dura mater called the ______ _________.
Tentorium cerebelli.
Layer 6 projects to the ______.
Thalamus.
The ______ lets the posterior frontal lobes and the parietal lobe communicate.
Trunk.
The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for receiving ______ _________.
Visual information.
Damage to ______ area of the temporal lobe can cause profound fluent aphasia.
Wernicke's.
A lesion to the left hemisphere insula may well cause ______.
Acquired apraxia of speech.
The ______ ventricle is between the left thalamus and the right thalamus.
3rd.
Heschl's gyrus is the location for receiving auditory information to the cortex from the thalamus. Layer ______ is thickest for Heschl's gyrus.
4.
The motor strip is thickest in layer ______, which is mostly pyramidal cells that project out of the cortex.
5.
About ______ __ of CSF is produced every day in the ventricles
500 ml.
The ______ is responsible for placing information into long-term memory.
Hippocampus.
The ______ ________ is important for reading and mathematical calculation.
Angular gyrus.
The ______ _______ of each lateral ventricle protrudes into the frontal lobe.
Anterior horn.
The intermediate meningeal layer is the ______ ______.
Arachnoid mater.
The parahippocampal gyrus houses the ______.
Hippocampus.
The Brodmann number for the calcarine sulcus is ______.
BA 17.
Broca's area consists of which two Brodmann areas?
BA 44 & 45.
Layer 5 is made up of mostly pyramidal cells that project to motor centers, including (pick 3 answers):
Brainstem; spinal cord; basal ganglia.
The frontal lobe contains the center associated with expressive language known as ______ _____.
Broca's area.
The important language area of the frontal lobe is ______ area.
Broca's.
T/F CSF is generated within the neurons of the cerebral cortex and passes into the ventricles.
FALSE.
T/F The insular cortex is responsible for the sense of smell.
FALSE.
T/F The occipital lobe is the most anterior of the lobes of the cerebral cortex.
FALSE.
The specific component of the dura mater that separates the left and right cerebellar hemispheres is the ______ ________.
Falx cerebelli.
The ______ _________ is firmly attached to the skull and keeps the two cerebral hemispheres stable during head movement.
Falx cerebri.
The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the specific component of the dura mater called the ______ _________.
Falx cerebri.
CSF flows out of the lateral ventricle and into the 3rd ventricle by means of the ______ _____ ________.
Foramen of Monro.
The ______ _____ _______ is a passageway between the lateral and 3rd ventricles.
Foramen of Monro.
The three areas that make up the operculum are:
Frontal operculum; temporal operculum; Frontoparietal operculum.
The ______ lobe is anterior to the central sulcus.
Frontal.
The precentral gyrus is in the ______ lobe.
Frontal.
The ______ gyrus is responsible for face recognition.
Fusiform.
The ______ gyrus is responsible for face recognitions.
Fusiform.
The ______ allows the anterior frontal lobes to communicate.
Genu.
A ______ is an out-folding of the cortex.
Gyrus.
A ______ is an outfolding of the cerebral cortex.
Gyrus.
A ______ is a clot of blood that has been released into a space.
Hematoma.
The ______ is also responsible for processing the sense of smell.
Hippocampus.
The ______ ________ is found within the temporal lobe.
Inferior horn.
The ______ ________ of each lateral ventricle is inside the temporal lobe.
Inferior horn.
The operculum overlies the hidden lobe of the cortex known as the ______.
Insula.
The dorsal visual stream projects to the ______ _________.
Intraparietal sulcus.
The word Insula means ______.
Island.
CSF passes out of the 4th ventricle into the area around the cerebrum through ______ _________ and ______ _________. (Two answers)
Lateral apertures; median aperture.
The ______ _________ separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes
Lateral fissure.
The ______ ________ separates the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes.
Lateral sulcus.
Thinking of the homunculus, the _________ __________ ______ are represented the medial surface of the cerebral cortex.
Legs and feet.
(Two answers!) The ______ gyrus and the ______ gyrus are gyri of the occipital lobe that are involved in higher level visual processing.
Lingual; cuneate
Damage to BA 44 and 45 and to the white matter beneath these areas will result in ______ ________.
Nonfluent aphasia.
The ______ covers the insular cortex.
Operculum.
Damage to the ______ __________can result in dysregulation of emotion and disorders related to affect, disinhibition of impulses, loss of control in social situations, and irritability.
Orbitofrontal cortex.
The ______ _______ is part of the orbitofrontal cortex.
Par orbitale.
If someone has a stroke that affects the medial surface, the person may have ______ as a result
Paraplegia.
The ______ lobe is posterior to the central sulcus.
Parietal.
The postcentral gyrus is in the ______ lobe.
Parietal.
What three regions make up the inferior frontal gyrus? (Three answers)
Pars opercularis; Pars orbitale; Pars triangularis.
The anterior gyri of the right hemisphere insula are involved in ______.
Perception of self.
The deepest meningeal lining, which envelopes the cerebral cortex, is called the ______ _______.
Pia mater.
The floor of the 4th ventricle is the junction of the ______ and ______ of the brainstem. (Two answers)
Pons; medulla.
Brodmann areas 1,2,3 refer to the ______ _________.
Postcentral gyrus.
The ______ _______ of each lateral ventricle extends into the occipital lobe.
Posterior horn.
The ______ ________ of each lateral ventricle protrudes into the occipital lobe.
Posterior horn.
BA 4 is known as the motor strip and also as the ______ gyrus.
Precentral gyrus.
The ______ gyrus is responsible for direct voluntary activation of the muscles of the body.
Precentral.
The axons of some pyramidal cells project out of the cerebrum. These are called ______ _______.
Projection fibers.
Layer 2 and Layer 3 are made up primarily of ______ cells and are involved in motor activation.
Pyramidal.
The motor strip of the cerebral cortex is made up mostly of ______ cells.
Pyramidal.
______ cells are involved in motor function.
Pyramidal.
The left side of the brain activates the ______ side of the body.
Right.
Another name for the central sulcus is ______ fissure.
Rolandic.
The ______ provides communication between the left and right orbital regions and some premotor regions.
Rostrum.
The postcentral gyrus is also referred to as ______.
SI.
The ______ _________ represents how the sensory world is mapped onto the cerebral cortex.
Sensory homunculus.
Layer 4 is made up of mostly of stellate cells and receives ______ information from the thalamus.
Sensory.
The ______ _________ is a membranous separation between the left and right lateral ventricles.
Septum pellucidum.
The ______ lets the temporal lobe and occipital lobe communicate.
Splenium.