CH 4 vocab
relative humidity
A measure of the amount of water vapor present in the air compared to the amount needed for saturation at a specific temperature.
coriolis effect
Air and water appear to turn to the right north of the equator and to the left south.
sun heating air
As the suns heats air, it expands, become less dense, rises, and has low atmospheric pressure
Polar Easterlies
Blow from northeast to southeast near the north pole and from the southeast to the northeast
Water In The Atmosphere
Can cool and return in a liquid form through condensation
Energy From The Sun
Causes water to evaporate from the hydrosphere, and rise up as water vapor.
clouds form
Clouds form as warm air is forced upward and cools. Then water vapor condenses in tiny droplets that remain suspended in the air
Water Vapor Condensing
Clouds of tiny water droplets may form
Rising And Sinking
Cold air sinks pushing up warm air, which then gets cold and then sinks, pushing up more warm air
Carliolis Effect
Earth causes moving air and water to appear to turn to the right north of the equator and to the left south of the equator.
coriolis effect
Earth causes moving water and air to appear to turn to the right north of the eguator and to the south east of the equator
Water Cycle
Energy from the Sun causes water to change from a liquid to a gas by a process called evaporation, then water evaporates from streams, lakes, and oceans enters Earths atmosphere, if water vapor in Earths atmosphere cools enough, it changes back into a liquid. This process of water vapor changing into a liquid is called condensation. Clouds form when condensation occurs high in the atmosphere. Clouds are made up of tiny water droplets that can collide to form lager drops. As the drops grow they fall back down to earth as precipitation.
The Steps Of Evaporation
Energy from the sun causes water to change from a liquid to a gas
Heat
Energy that flows from a object with a higher temperature to one with a lower.
Sea Breeze
Is created during the day because solar radiation warms the land more than water.
Conduction
Is the transfer of energy that occurs when molocules bump into one another.
Convection
Is the transfer of heat by the flow of material.
Land Breeze
Movement of air toward the water from the land.
Jet Stream
Narrow belts of strong winds, blow near the top of the troposphere.
Weather
Refers to the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place
suns energy
The suns energy causes air molecule to move rapidly; temperatures are high and it feels
Droplets Collide
To form larger Droplets
suns energy
When less of the suns energy reaches air molecules, they move less rapidly and it feels cold
Precipitation
When water drops form they fall back to Earth.
Condensation
When water vapor cools enough it changes back into a liquid form.
The movement of air
Wind is the movement of air from an area of high pressure to a area with low pressure
Global winds
Wind patterns caused by convection currents combined with the corioils effect, effect the worlds winds
air movement
air moves from high pressure areas to low pressure areas to low pressure areas, causing wind
Wind
air moving in a specific direction
trade winds
between the equator and 30 degrees lattitude are winds blowing to the east
Dew point
changes with the amount of water vapor in the air
cool air
cooler air is denser and sinks causing high atmospheric pressure
water cycle
evaporate, condensates precipitation
Weather conditions
include such conditions as air pressure, wind, temperature, and moisture in the air
measure of temperature
is a measure of air molecule movement
doldrums
near the equator very little winds and daily rain patterns occur
ozone layer
A layer of electrically charged particles
Radiation
Is energy that is transfered in waves or rays.
Density
Mass per unit volume.
Evaporation
When a liquid turns into a gas below the liquids boiling point.
precipitation
water falling from the clouds
fog
when air is cooled to its dew point near the ground it
Solar Radiation
Heat from the sun
Hydrosphere
Is a term that describes all the waters of Earth.
Earth Rotates
The coriolis effect exsists
prevailing westerlies
between 30 degrees and 60 degrees latitude and blow east of the opposite direction near the south poles
Factor
Something that influences a result
Reflection
Some energy is reflected back into space some is absorbed by the atmosphere, some by land ,and the water on the surface.
Humidity
The amount of water vapor present in the air
Life On Earth And Mars
The atmosphere of Mars is cold and lifeless because its atmosphere is to thin to support life or to hold most of the suns heat. On Earth the atmosphere is alive and full of life because their is a balance between energy received and lost. Life on Earth exist because it holds the right amount of the suns energy.