Ch. 7 Test

A patient has experienced a stroke that has permanently injured his brainstem. Which sign or symptom might the EMT expect to find as a result of this​ condition? A. Abnormal respirations B. Blindness C. Muscle spasms D. Confusion

A. Abnormal respirations

What is the term that refers to the structure of the​ body? A. Anatomy B. Metabolism C. Physiology D. Combining forms

A. Anatomy

A patient informs you that he injured a tendon in his knee three years ago and has had a difficult time walking since then. You recognize that this injury involves a structure​ that: A. Connects muscles to the knee B. Attaches a ligament to the knee C. Connects the muscles together surrounding the knee D. Holds and secures the bones of the knee

A. Connects muscles to the knee

The alveoli of a​ patient's lungs are filled with fluid and pus secondary to pneumonia. How does this disturbance place the patient at​ risk? A. Decreased absorption of oxygen into the body B. Decreased movement of the diaphragm C. Collapse of the trachea and bronchi D. Decreased movement of air into the lungs

A. Decreased absorption of oxygen into the body

In which body system are the thyroid​ glands, adrenal​ glands, pituitary​ glands, and gonads​ located? A. Endocrine B. Hormonal C. Nervous D. Respiratory

A. Endocrine

A patient has severe swelling of the​ leaf-shaped flap that helps to prevent food from entering the lower respiratory system while swallowing. Knowing that the suffix​ "itis" refers to​ inflammation, what is this​ patient's condition? A. Epiglottitis B. Pharyngitis C. Bronchitis D. Tracheitis

A. Epiglottitis

Based on the anatomic and physiological differences between an infant and an​ adult, which finding would suggest respiratory distress in an​ infant, but would be less likely to be observed in an​ adult? A. Excessive abdominal wall motion B. Nasal flaring during exhalation C. Increased respiratory rate D. Breathing with the mouth open

A. Excessive abdominal wall motion

A paramedic tells you that a patient with a probable spine injury still retains his plantar reflexes. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you should understand that the patient has reflex activity in which part of the​ body? A. Feet B. Fingers C. Arms D. Hands

A. Feet

A patient described as dysphagic presents​ as: A. Having difficulty swallowing B. Having difficulty breathing C. Being unable to speak D. Exhibiting a painful cough

A. Having difficulty swallowing

A patient informs you that he has had his gallbladder surgically removed. Based on the physiology of the​ gallbladder, which statement is most true regarding this​ patient? A. He may have difficulty digesting large amounts of fats B. He cannot store glycogen produced by the liver C. He will be more prone to gastric ulcers D. He must avoid meals high in complex carbohydrates

A. He may have difficulty digesting large amounts of fats

A patient with a calcaneal fracture has a​ broken: A. Heel B. Foot C. Thigh D. Knee

A. Heel

An enlarged liver is best documented​ as: A. Hepatomegaly B. Ascites C. Gastric distention D. Hepatitis

A. Hepatomegaly

Following radiation therapy for breast​ cancer, a female patient has a low white blood cell count. Which condition does this factor place her at risk to​ acquire? A. Infection B. Hypoxia C. Bleeding D. Low blood pressure

A. Infection

A patient with bronchitis is​ experiencing: A. Inflammation of the bronchi B. Infection of the alveoli C. Accumulation of mucus in the trachea D. Fluid in the trachea and bronchioles

A. Inflammation of the bronchi

A patient who has had both her thyroid and parathyroid glands removed would most likely have difficulty​ with: A. Maintaining strong and healthy bones B. Maintaining an adequate blood pressure C. Regulating blood sugar D. Producing the hormones that govern sex characteristics

A. Maintaining strong and healthy bones

A patient complains of pain to the upper jaw. This would be documented as pain in​ the: A. Maxilla B. Mastoid C. Mandible D. Zygoma

A. Maxilla

For the lungs to oxygenate​ blood, there must be blood flow provided by the right ventricle to the alveoli. This is an example of which​ principle? A. Physiology B. Anatomy C. Anatomic actions D. Pathophysiology

A. Physiology

Which portion of the heart is in failure when it can no longer effectively pump blood to the​ lungs? A. Right ventricle B. Left ventricle C. Pulmonary vein D. Left atrium

A. Right ventricle

Which individual finding in a patient is the most reliable indicator that the patient is breathing​ inadequately? A. Shallow breathing at a rate of 30​ breaths/min in an infant B. Chest wall motion outward of 1 inch during inhalation in an adult patient C. Respiratory rate of 16​ breaths/min in a child D. Respiratory rate of 22​ breaths/min in an elderly patient

A. Shallow breathing at a rate of 30​ breaths/min in an infant

A female patient has suffered a stroke to the right side of her brain and has paralysis to the contralateral portion of the body. Which description of this condition is​ correct? A. She cannot move her left arm and leg B. She cannot move her arms or legs C. She is paralyzed on the right side of her body D. Her left and right legs are paralyzed

A. She cannot move her left arm and leg

Understanding physiology will allow the EMT to understand that bronchoconstriction will have which effect on​ breathing? A. There will be an increase in the work of breathing B. There will be an increase in the flow of air through the bronchioles C. There will be a decrease in the​ patient's respiratory rate D. There will be a decrease in the work of breathing

A. There will be an increase in the work of breathing

Which structure or vessel carries​ oxygen-depleted blood to the right​ atrium? A. Vena cava B. Internal jugular C. Aorta D. Posterior tibial

A. Vena cava

A female patient has a muscular disease and cannot​ walk, so she requires a wheelchair. Because the patient cannot ambulate by her own​ will, you would recognize that the muscles involved​ are: A. Voluntary B. Involuntary C. Smooth D. Cardiac

A. Voluntary

Which type of joint provides the greatest amount of free​ motion? A. ​Ball-and-socket joint B. Gliding joint C. Saddle joint D. Hinged joint

A. ​Ball-and-socket joint

You are reading a patient care report written by your partner. Which sentence would cause you to tell your partner that you have found an​ error? A. ​"The patient was in a lateral recumbent position so as to allow airway monitoring while en route to the​ hospital." B. "The patient was placed in a​ face-up prone​ position." C. ​"The patient was found in a supine position with his hips and legs flexed toward the​ core." D. "The patient was placed in​ Fowler's position with the upper body elevated 45​ degrees."

B. "The patient was placed in a​ face-up prone​ position."

Accurately communicating patient injury information to other health care professionals is most reliant​ upon: A. Properly placed cellular towers B. A good knowledge of proper anatomic terminology C. Good handwriting D. A strong radio signal

B. A good knowledge of proper anatomic terminology

Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for increasing gastric juice secretions after a person eats a​ meal? A. Voluntary B. Autonomic C. Somatic D. Sympathetic

B. Autonomic

Involuntary or smooth muscles are found in the walls of which types of​ structures? A. Spinal cord B. Blood vessels and intestines C. Muscles of the arms and legs D. Heart and brain

B. Blood vessels and intestines

Which term is most closely related to the​ elbow? A. Calcaneal B. Cubital C. Acetabular D. Tibial

B. Cubital

An abrasion affects which part of the​ skin? A. Dermal and subcutaneous layers B. Epidermal and dermal layers C. Epidermis D. Dermal layer

B. Epidermal and dermal layers

What is the name of the male reproductive structure that stores​ sperm? A. Seminal vesicles B. Epididymis C. Testes D. Vas deferens

B. Epididymis

What is the major artery of the thigh​ called? A. Radial artery B. Femoral artery C. Brachial artery D. Carotid artery

B. Femoral artery

You are using cryotherapy to treat a deformed and painful ankle. This treatment involves the use​ of: A. Compression B. Ice C. Massage D. Heat

B. Ice

Which assessment finding should the EMT expect after administering epinephrine to a​ patient? A. Labored breathing B. Increased blood pressure C. Slowing of the heart rate D. Generalized weakness

B. Increased blood pressure

A patient has experienced a burn to the skin. Based on the function of the​ skin, he is now more susceptible​ to: A. Endocrine disorders B. Infection C. Heart problems D. Fluid overload

B. Infection

Which statement regarding the endocrine system is most​ correct? A. It is a system of glands that releases hormones via ducts into the bloodstream B. It is made up of several glands whose secretions cause specific actions in specific organs C.It is a system of glands that regulates consciousness D. It includes the​ thyroid, parathyroid,​ adrenal, and salivary glands

B. It is made up of several glands whose secretions cause specific actions in specific organs

Nephritis indicates which kind of​ infection? A. Urinary tract B. Kidney C. Bladder D. Digestive

B. Kidney

Which line divides the body into right and left halves when viewing it from the​ front? A. Anterior axillary line B. Midline C. Midclavicular line D. Midaxillary line

B. Midline

A patient complains of extreme​ dizziness, headache, and other​ "stroke-like" symptoms. Which condition is most likely to be responsible for these​ symptoms? A. Occlusion of the popliteal vein B. Occlusion of the carotid arteries C. Rupture of the radial vein D. Clot in the abdominal aorta

B. Occlusion of the carotid arteries

A patient with dentalgia is suffering from​ a(n): A. Throat infection B. Painful tooth C. Inflammation of the tongue D. Sinus infection

B. Painful tooth

As a patient provides you with her past medical​ history, which condition should you recognize as directly related to the endocrine​ system? A. Blockage of the gallbladder B. Removal of the thyroid C. Failure of the kidneys D. Enlargement of the appendix

B. Removal of the thyroid

Which statement best describes the anatomic​ position? A. Supine position with arms at the side and palms facing downward B. Standing with the arms down at the side and palms facing forward C. Prone position with arms upward and palms facing upward D. Upright and facing backward with the arms raised and legs straight

B. Standing with the arms down at the side and palms facing forward

An​ 89-year-old female patient has fallen in her living room and has pain in her left hip. As you​ approach, you note that she is on her back with her left leg turned inward. When relaying this information to the receiving​ hospital, how would you describe her​ position? A. Supine with left rotation of the right leg B. Supine with medial rotation of the left lower extremity C. Supine with lateral rotation of the left lower extremity D. Lateral recumbent with dorsal rotation of the left leg

B. Supine with medial rotation of the left lower extremity

Which statement regarding the integumentary system is​ true? A. The epidermis is the thickest and most important layer of the skin B. The skin protects the body against bacteria and other organisms C. The skin contains four​ layers: epidermal,​ dermal, subcutaneous, and nerve layer D. The dermal layer is the outermost layer of the skin and contains sensory nerves

B. The skin protects the body against bacteria and other organisms

The infant airway differs from the adult airway in​ that: A. The​ infant's epiglottis is smaller and located behind the esophagus B. The​ infant's tongue takes up proportionately more space in the mouth C. All of the​ infant's respiratory structures are proportionally smaller and more easily obstructed D. The​ infant's trachea is highly rigid and less flexible to movement

B. The​ infant's tongue takes up proportionately more space in the mouth

A patient is experiencing the backup of blood and fluid in her lung tissue. Failure of which of the​ heart's valves is likely responsible for this​ condition? A. Pulmonary B. Tricuspid C. Bicuspid D. Right

C. Bicuspid

The left side of a​ patient's heart is in severe​ failure, causing blood to back up behind it. Which sign or symptom are you most likely to observe​ first? A. Swelling in the feet B. Decreased respirations C. Crackles in the lungs D. Bone pain in the legs

C. Crackles in the lungs

The terms​ "occipital," "parietal," and​ "frontal" can refer collectively to which part of the​ body? A. Chest B. Spine C. Cranium D. Pelvis

C. Cranium

When palpating a pulse on top of the​ foot, the EMT is assessing blood flow in which​ vessel? A. Femoral vein B. Posterior tibial vein C. Dorsalis pedis artery D. Coronary artery

C. Dorsalis pedis artery

You are assessing a patient who informs you that her body abnormally forms blood​ clots, even when they are not needed to stop bleeding. Which condition could you expect the patient to have that contributes to the blood​ clotting? A. Low red blood cell count B. High white blood cell count C. Elevated number of platelets D. Decreased clotting factors

C. Elevated number of platelets

A​ 23-year-old male patient has been shot with a rifle by an assailant standing in front of him. The bullet entered the​ victim's chest just above the left nipple and exited his body laterally left of his fourth lumbar vertebrae. Proper documentation of this injury would​ include: A. Exit wound to the posterior torso B. Entry wound to the abdomen C. Entry wound to the anterior thorax D. Exit wound to the posterior thorax

C. Entry wound to the anterior thorax

What is the basic function of the respiratory​ system? A. Provide nutrients to the cells absorbed into the bloodstream B. Transport oxygen throughout the body C. Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment D. Release oxygen from the body via hemoglobin sites

C. Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment

When the diaphragm and intercostal muscles​ relax, which phase of the respiratory cycle happens​ next? A. Expansion B. Retraction C. Exhalation D. Inhalation

C. Exhalation

Acrocyanosis is best described as a bluish discoloration of the​ patient's: A.Chest B. Head C. Extremities D. Abdomen

C. Extremities

A patient has fractured bones in his left leg. Which bones could be involved in this​ injury? A. Acetabulum, calcaneus, or carpals B. Radius, ulna,​ humerus, or carpals C. Femur, tibia, or fibula D. ​Orbit, lumbar, or shin

C. Femur, tibia, or fibula

Which finding is a​ beta-1 sympathetic​ (adrenergic) effect? A. Vasoconstriction B. Bronchodilation C. Increased heart rate D. Vasodilation

C. Increased heart rate

Degenerative disk disease to the vertebrae is characterized by damage to which​ structure(s) between the​ vertebrae? A. Spinal joints B. Spinal cord C. Intervertebral disks D. Vertebral nerve endings

C. Intervertebral disks

What is the primary function of the left​ atrium? A. It receives blood from the vena cava B. It pumps blood to the body C. It receives blood from the pulmonary veins D. It pumps blood to the lungs

C. It receives blood from the pulmonary veins

The structure containing a​ person's "voice​ box" is termed​ the: A. Trachea B. Pharynx C. Larynx D. Sternum

C. Larynx

Which body system protects internal organs of the chest and provides for movement of the​ extremities? A. Immune B. Nervous C. Musculoskeletal D. Endocrine

C. Musculoskeletal

As you arrive on​ scene, an Emergency Medical Responder informs you that the patient has agonal respirations. Based on this​ description, you would expect the​ patient's breathing to​ be: A. Deep and fast B. Irregular and deep C. Occasional and gasping D. Rapid and shallow

C. Occasional and gasping

After you apply and use the automated external​ defibrillator, a patient regains his pulse and has adequate respirations. The paramedic asks you to place the patient in a lateral recumbent position. How should you position this​ patient? A. Supine with his head turned left B. On his back C. On his left side D. On his stomach

C. On his left side

Which components of the nervous system must be functional for a patient to be​ conscious? A. One cerebral hemisphere and the pineal gland B. The RAS and pineal gland C. One cerebral hemisphere and the reticular activating system D. Both cerebral hemispheres

C. One cerebral hemisphere and the reticular activating system

Which​ organ(s) is​ (are) responsible for production and secretion of the primary female hormone​ progesterone? A. Uterus B. External genitals C. Ovaries D. Testes

C. Ovaries

A patient informs you that he must sprinkle artificial digestive enzymes on all his foods before eating them. Based on this​ information, which endocrine gland should you assume is​ dysfunctional? A. Adrenal B. Spleen C. Pancreas D. Thyroid

C. Pancreas

What is the name of the fluid that carries blood cells and​ nutrients? A. Total body water B. Platelet fluid C. Plasma D. Hemoglobin

C. Plasma

The EMT shows correct understanding of the circulatory system when he identifies the primary function of the heart​ as: A. Transferring oxygen to the cells B. Oxygenating blood in the lungs C. Pumping blood throughout the body D. Maintaining the volume of blood

C. Pumping blood throughout the body

A tachypneic patient is​ breathing: A. Shallowly B. Deeply C. Rapidly D. Slowly

C. Rapidly

Another EMT informs you that a patient has been stabbed once with a knife in the right midaxillary region. Which description best identifies where is this injury​ located? A. Right shoulder B. Right chest C. Right lateral chest D. Right side of the abdomen

C. Right lateral chest

In the healthy​ heart, the electrical impulses that cause normal contraction of the cardiac muscle are initiated in​ the: A. Left atrium B. Bundle branches C. Sinoatrial node D. Ventricles

C. Sinoatrial node

The pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries as the left ventricle contracts is​ called: A. Arterial B. Diastolic C. Systolic D. Osmotic

C. Systolic

Which action produces inhalation and contributes to airflow into the​ lungs? A. The chest cavity decreases in size B. The intercostal muscles relax C. The diaphragm contracts D. The pressure in the chest increases

C. The diaphragm contracts

Which statement about the human anatomy is​ true? A. The hand is proximal to the elbow B. The hip is distal to the knee C. The knee is proximal to the ankle D. The shoulder is distal to the hand

C. The knee is proximal to the ankle

patient experiencing pain in the thoracic region of his spinal column has pain in​ his: A. Lower back B. Neck C. Upper back D. Tailbone

C. Upper back

What is the name of the structure in males and females that transports the urine from the kidneys to the urinary​ bladder? A. Urethra B. Renal pelvis C. Ureters D. Vulva

C. Ureters

The spinal column is composed of which​ sections, described in order from most superior to most​ inferior? A. ​Coccyx, lumbar,​ thoracic, cervical, and sacral B. ​Thoracic, lumbar,​ cervical, coccyx, and sacral C. ​Cervical, thoracic,​ lumbar, sacral, and coccyx D. ​Cervical, lumbar,​ thoracic, sacral, and coccyx

C. ​Cervical, thoracic,​ lumbar, sacral, and coccyx

Emergency Medical Responders inform you that a​ 73-year-old female patient has fallen and has a hematoma to the occipital area of her head. Based on this​ description, you should expect to find the injury in which area of the​ head? A. Front B. Top C. Side D. Back

D. Back

A patient with asthma is short of breath because her small airways are constricted. For this​ patient, the best medication is one that has which sympathetic​ (adrenergic) properties? A. Alpha-1 B. Alpha-2 C. ​Beta-1 D. Beta-2

D. Beta-2

A psychologically disturbed patient decided to kill himself by shooting himself in the head. The bullet entered the right temporal lobe and exited the skull on the opposite side. If this patient is​ unresponsive, what is the most likely​ cause? A. The patient has likely lost too much blood B. The cerebellum is damaged C. The endocrine system​ (hypothalamus) has failed D. Both cerebral hemispheres are damaged

D. Both cerebral hemispheres are damaged

A​ patient's blood glucose​ (sugar) level begins to drop. Which organ would be affected first due to its heavy reliance on circulating​ glucose? A. Heart B. Spleen C. Muscles D. Brain

D. Brain

Pain that is described as​ "caustic" by the patient​ is: A. Sharp B. Stabbing C. Achy D. Burning

D. Burning

Which statement best describes the difference between cardiac and smooth​ muscle? A. Cardiac muscle does not need a blood​ supply; smooth muscle does B. Cardiac muscle is able to​ extend; smooth muscle can only contract C. Cardiac muscle relies on an electrical impulse to be​ stimulated; smooth muscle does not D. Cardiac muscle can generate its own electrical​ impulse; smooth muscle cannot

D. Cardiac muscle can generate its own electrical​ impulse; smooth muscle cannot

The nervous system is structurally subdivided into​ the: A. Skull and vertebral column B. Brain and vertebral column C. Involuntary and voluntary nervous systems D. Central and peripheral nervous systems

D. Central and peripheral nervous systems

You have been called to transport a patient who has an illness that has impaired the involuntary​ muscles' ability to contract. What condition would you expect with this​ patient? A. Difficulty in walking and grasping objects with the hands B. Decreased heart rate and increased blood pressure C. Difficulty in maintaining an upright posture D. Decreased peristaltic movement of the large intestine

D. Decreased peristaltic movement of the large intestine

A patient has taken a medication that increases the activity of his sympathetic nervous system. Given this​ treatment, which sign or symptom would the EMT expect to​ find? A. Low blood pressure B. Dry and flushed skin C. Decreased heart rate D. Dilated pupils

D. Dilated pupils

A patient with kidney failure has lost his ability​ to: A. Digest fatty foods B. Produce all hormones C. Absorb nutrients D. Filter and excrete wastes

D. Filter and excrete wastes

The bones of the upper extremities include​ the: A. ​Radius, ulna, and tarsals B. Humerus and calcaneus C. Phalanges and tibia D. Humerus and radius

D. Humerus and radius

Knowing that muscular dystrophy affects the voluntary​ muscles, which additional problem should you expect to be a direct effect of the​ disease? A. Vasodilation B. Constipation C. Slow heart rate D. Inability to walk

D. Inability to walk

Assessment of a patient who was involved in a motor vehicle collision reveals tenderness over ribs​ 9-12 on the lateral right side. Based on this​ injury, the EMT should be alert for which additional​ concern? A. Pain from possible rib fractures B. Damage to the heart C. Damage to the false ribs D. Injury to the liver

D. Injury to the liver

A patellar fracture affects which part of the​ body? A. Elbow B. Tibia C. Hip D. Knee

D. Knee

What represents the correct sequence for the passage of air into the​ lungs, when starting from outside the​ body? A. Epiglottis, trachea,​ cricoid, bronchi, air sacs B. Nose, bronchi,​ larynx, trachea,​ pharynx, air sacs C. Larynx, esophagus,​ trachea, bronchi, alveoli D. Mouth, pharynx,​ trachea, bronchi, alveoli

D. Mouth, pharynx,​ trachea, bronchi, alveoli

A patient with an orbital fracture is most likely to complain​ of: A. Difficulty swallowing B. Pain around the ear C. Pain when moving his lower jaw D. Pain around the eye

D. Pain around the eye

A patient has a total occlusion of the left femoral artery. With this​ condition, which assessment finding would the EMT​ expect? A. Difficulty moving the left arm B. Decreased radial pulse C. Swelling in the legs D. Pale skin to the left foot

D. Pale skin to the left foot

Which term refers to how the parts of the body function and​ interact? A. Aerobic metabolism B. Biome C. Anatomy D. Physiology

D. Physiology

What is a function of the skeletal​ system? A. Providing structure and points of attachment to blood vessels B. Protecting all of the abdominal organs C. Forming the vital organs of the body D. Producing blood cells

D. Producing blood cells

The segment of the spinal column that forms the posterior pelvis is​ the: A. Thoracic spine B. Lumbar segment C. Cervical vertebrae D. Sacral vertebrae

D. Sacral vertebrae

Occlusion to which pulmonary structure would cause total cessation of airflow into and out of the​ lungs? A. Esophagus B. Right bronchi C. Nasopharynx D. Trachea

D. Trachea

Which plane would show the​ liver, stomach, and​ spleen? A. Abdominal plane B. Midline plane C. Sagittal plane D. Transverse plane

D. Transverse plane

An example of a pivot joint of the body would​ be: A. Where the ankle meets the tibia and ulna B. Where the first and second vertebrae meet C. Where the femur joints the pelvis D. Where the radius and ulna meet the humerus

D. Where the radius and ulna meet the humerus

A patient suffering a carpal fracture would most likely complain of pain in​ her: A. Ankle B. Knee C. Elbow D. Wrist

D. Wrist