Ch 9 Articulation

The tibial collateral ligament is frequently injured when the leg is forcibly ____ at the knee

Abducted

the tibial collateral ligament is frequently injured when the leg is forcibly ____ at the knee

Abducted

A shoulder separation refers to the ___ Joint

Acromioclavicular

A shoulder separation refers to the ___ joint

Acromioclavicular

A shoulder separation refries to the ____ joint

Acromioclavicular

____ Means to move toward and is the medial movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

Adduction

What is articular cartilage?

All articulating bone surfaces in a synovial joint are covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage called articular cartilage

What is a ligament

Are composed of dense regular connective tissue. Ligaments connect bone to bone and strengthen and reinforce most synovial joints

The repetitious compression/relaxation that occurs during exercise is vital for maintaining healthy ___ ____ which covers the end of the articulating bones in a synovial joint

Articular Cartilage

Name the joint between the atlas and the dens of the axis

Atlantoaxial

which are locations of synchondroses

Between Ribs and Sternum. Also found in Epiphyseal plate

Which are locations of Synchondroses

Between ribs and sternum Epiphyseal plate

Where do you find synchondroses that are specific only to children

Between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone

where are syndesmoses found in the body

Between the radius and ulna. Between the tibia and fibula.

___ Is a complex movement that occurs as a result of continuous sequence of flexion, adduction, extension and abduction

Circumduction

The ___ ligament of the knee, cross each other in the form of an X

Cruciate

Movement description

Dorseiflexion: Heels is lower than toes. Plantar flexion: Heels is higher than toes. Inversion: Soles turn inward. Eversion: Soles turn outward.

___ Occurs when the ankle joint is bent such that the superior surface of the foot and toes moves toward the leg

Dorsiflexion

Which are examples of hinge joints

Elbow Joint. Knee Joint. Interphalangeal Joints.

The superior movement of the mandible while closing the mouth is an example of _______.

Elevation

In___ the sole of the foot turns to face laterally

Eversion

Tendons help stabilize joints because they form a part of the synovial joint itself

False

A fractured hip is usually a fracture of the

Femoral neck

In the pubic symphysis the two pubic bones are joined by a pad of

Fibrocartilage

The ligament on the lateral side of the knee is called the __ ligament

Fibular Collateral Lateral Collateral

The ligament on the lateral side of the knee is called the___

Fibular and lateral

Bending your arm at the elbow is an example

Flexion

___ is movement in an anterior-posterior plane that decreases the angle between the articulating bones.

Flexion

Where are syndesmoses found?

Found between radius and ulna. Also found between tibia and fibula.

Which are classified as synovial joints

Glenohumeral. Elbow Joint. Knee Joint. Temporomandibular.

3 types of fibrous joints matched to their functional joint classification

Gomphosis are synarthrosis Suture are synarthrosis Syndesmosis are amphiarthrois

Joint Descriptions

Gomphosis: Holds teeth in their sockets. Suture: Connects skull bones Syndesmosis: Between radius and ulna

the coal joint is the articulation between the ___ of the femur and the ___ of the os coxae

Head and the acetabulum

Which are classified as a ball-and-socket joint

Hip Joint Glenohumeral Joint

___ is the extension of a joint beyond 180 degrees.

Hyperextension

The PCL may be injured if the leg is

Hyperflexed

An example of a plane joint

Intercarpal Joint Intertarsal joint

The simplest synovial articulation and is the least mobile

Is the Plane Joint

A place of contact between bone and cartilage or between bones and other bones is called a ______.

Joint

The bones in a synovial joint are separated by a space called a ___ ____

Joint Cavity

____ rotation turns the anterior surface of the femur or humerus laterally

Lateral

___ ___ occurs when the trunk of the body moves in a coronal plane laterally away from the body

Lateral Flexion

The ligament on the lateral side of the knee is called the ___ ligament

Lateral collateral and Fibular collateral

___ Connect bones together and reinforce most synovial joints

Ligaments

injury to the fibular collateral ligament is fairly rare because

Medial blows to the knee are rare. The ligament is very strong.

there is a trade-off between ____ and ____ in every joint

Mobility and Stability

by monitoring stretch at a joint the ___ ___ can detect changes in our posture and adjust body movements.

Nervous system

the Spheno-occipital synchondrosis is found between the __ and the ___ bone

Occipital and Sphenoid

what is joint cavity

Only synovial joints house a joint cavity a space that contains a small amount of synovial fluid

The ___ Becomes taut when it is flexed and prevents hyper flexion of the knee joint

PCL

The atlantoaxial joint between the first two cervical vertebrae is classified as a

Pivot

Joints from the least mobile to the most mobile

Plane joint Hinge Joint Condylar Joint Saddle Joint Ball and Socket Joint

What is it called when the forearm rotates the palm to posterior

Pronation

___ Is the medial rotation of the forearm so that the palm of the hand is directed posteriorly or inferiorly

Pronation

The cartilaginous joint between the two pubic bones is called the

Pubic symphysis

Above the patella is the ___

Quadriceps Femoris tendon

____ arthritis is an autoimmune disorder

Rheumatoid

The sternoclavicular joint is between the sternal end of the clavicle, the manubrium of the sternum, and the first costal cartilage is a ___ type of synovial joint.

Saddle Joint

The types of movement that can occur between the vertebrae in the cervical and lumbar regions of the vertebral column are which of the following:

Spinal Flexion. Lateral Flexion. Spinal Extension

A ___ is a stretching or tearing of ligaments without fracture or dislocation of the joint

Sprain

Each form of arthritis presents the same symptoms ____ ____ and ____

Stiffness. Pain. Swelling.

The rotator cuff muscles include which of the following?

Subscapularis and teres minor. Supraspinatus and infraspinatus.

The palm of the hand is turning from a posterior position to an anterior position is called

Supination

which joints are synostoses that have distinct interlocking usually irregular edges that increase their strength

Sutures

Fibrocartilage of a __ resists compression and acts as a shock absorber

Symphysis

How is a gomphosis characterized, in terms of movement

Synarthrosis

An articulation in which bones are joined by hyaline cartilage is called a

Synchondrosis

3 types of cartilaginous joints matched to their functional joint classification

Synchondrosis are synarthrosis Symphysis are Amphiarthrosis Synovial are all Diarthroses

Which of the following is a joint in which articulating bones are joined by long strands of dense regular connective tissue

Syndesmoses

Which of the following joints can have a broad ligament sheet called an interosseous membrane

Syndesmoses

Which type of joint would one find between the radius and the ulna ?

Syndesmosis

When bones have completely fused across the suture line, what used to be sutures are now called

Synostoses

A___ joint has a fluid-filled joint cavity between articulating surfaces of the bones.

Synovial

What acts as a shock absorber when synovial joints are moving and pressure in the joint increases

Synovial fluid

Damage to the ___ Joint may include headaches and sinus pressure

Temporomandibular

The __ joint is the only mobile joint between skulls bones

Temporomandibular

the___ joint is the articulation formed at the point where the head of the mandible articulates with the tubercle of the temporal bone anteriorly and the mandibular fossa posteriorly

Temporomandibular

_____ ____ are elongated bursae that wrap around tendons where there may be excessive friction

Tendon sheaths

___ are compose of dense regular connective tissue and attach muscle to bones

Tendons

___ are composed of dense regular connective tissue and attach muscles to bone

Tendons

The glenohumeral joint is between the head of the humerus and the__ __ of the scapula

The Glenoid Cavity

a noticeable surface deformity of a dislocated shoulder would be which of the following

The acromion appears more pointed

The deltoid ligament is also called

The medial Ligament

Tendon sheath, Bursae, Fat Pads, Ligaments, articular Cartilage, Synovial fluid, joint cavity and articular capsule are all examples of

They are all components of synovial joints

The ACL is rather weak compare to the other knee ligaments

True

When the epiphyseal plate closes a synchondrosis no longer exists

True

When you spread your fingers or toes apart, away from the longest digit, which acts like the midline, you are performing _______.

abduction

What are fat pads?

areas of fat covered by synovial membrane

___ is the inferior movement of a part of the body

depression

What is a tendon sheath?

elongated bursa that wraps around a tendon

What is a bursae?

fluid-filled sac that acts as a ball bearing to reduce friction

In a ___ motion, the angle between the bones does not change and only limited movement is possible in any direction

gliding motion

____ Connect bones together and reinforce most synovial joints

ligaments

The most common type of arthritis is

osteoarthritis

The most common type of ankle sprain is due to

over-inversion

the articular surface of the sacrum and ilia form the ___ joint

sacroiliac joint

What is synovial fluid

slippery lubricant in joint cavity

___ ____ nourishes the chondrocytes of the articular cartilage in a synovial joint

synovial fluid

The joint capsule has an inner layer called the

synovial membrane