chap: 9

drive reduction theory

How do you know when it is time to get a glass of water? You know because you get this feeling of being thirsty which motivates you to reduce the thirst by drinking water. This is what happens according to drive reduction theory. According to this theory, some physiological need (need for water) occurs that creates a state of tension (you feel thirsty) which in turn motivates you to reduce the tension or satisfy the need (drink water).

need for power

Need for power is defined as the desire to control or influence others.

arousal theory

Securing optimum performance is considered as on the important thing in completing the task at hand. The optimum performance is reached when the ability to work is determined and the way in which s/he can be motivated so that the potential reaches 100%. Motivation that varies from person to person is also influenced by his or her surroundings. And to motivate a person the needs should be realized and understood. The process of stimulation that is different for every individual to accomplish the goal oriented objectives can be done in different levels. The levels that are different for each people are aroused by factors like family, social status, promotions etc., that acts as a boost. To get a better

motivation

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

incentive

a reason for doing something; something that stimulates action

love need

acceptance from an expesific someone or a group

self actualization needs

according to Maslow, represents growth of an individual toward fulfillment of the highest needs; those for meaning in life, in particular. Carl Rogers also created a theory implicating a "growth potential" whose aim was to integrate congruently the "real self" and the "ideal self" thereby cultivating the emergence of the "fully functioning person".

physiological needs

are the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and include survival needs such as the need for sleep, food, air, and reproduction. Physiological needs are the requirements we all need individually for human survival.

homeostasis

automatic maintenance by an organism in balance with itself

safety needs

in Maslow's hierarchy refer to the need for security and protection. When we have our physiological needs for food and water met, our safety needs dominate our behavior.

intrinsic motivation

involves engaging in a behavior because it is personally rewarding; essentially, performing an activity for its own sake rather than the desire for some external reward.

self determination theory

is a macro theory of human motivation and personality that concerns people's inherent growth tendencies and innate psychological needs. It is concerned with the motivation behind choices people make without external influence and interference. SDT focuses on the degree to which an individual's behavior is self-motivated and self-determined.

maslow's hierarchy of needs

is a motivational theory in psychology that argues that while people aim to meet basic needs, they seek to meet successively higher needs in the form of a pyramid.

esteem needs

refer to the need for respect, self-esteem, and self-confidence.

need for achievement

refers to an individual's desire for significant accomplishment, mastering of skills, control, or high standards.

extrinsic motivation motivation

refers to behavior that is driven by external rewards such as money, fame, grades, and praise.