Chapter 1 Review

A set of 128 numeric codes that represents the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is ____.

ASCII

___________ programs are usually event driven

GUI

What does a class specify about an object?

It specifies the data that an object can hold (the object's fields and properties), and the actions that an object can perform (the object's methods).

What is pseudocode?

Literally: fake code. An algorithm that is written out in plain English statements.

Main memory is known as _______.

RAM

__________ is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running

RAM

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent the characters of many of the languages of the world is _______.

Unicode

Why is the CPU the most important component in a computer?

Without a CPU, the computer cannot run the software.

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see ______.

a stream of binary numbers

A(n) ______ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task.

algorithm

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called _______.

an input device.

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email, web browsers, and games are all examples of _________ programs.

application

The ________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language program.

assembler

In the _______ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.

binary

A byte is made up of eight ______.

bits.

A _________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.

byte

A _______ is code that describes a particular type of object.

class

Before GUIs became popular, the _______ interface was most commonly use.

command line

A(n) _______ is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program.

compiler

Objects that are visable in a program's graphical user interface are commonly referred to as ______.

controls

In the _______ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform.

decode

What would you call a device that works with binary data?

digital device

Real numbers are encoded using the ____ technique.

floating point

A _____ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program.

flowchart

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as _______.

hardware

A(n) _________ is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.

interpreter

What are the words that make up a high-level programming language called?

keywords or reserve words

A ______ error does not prevent the program from running but causes it to produce incorrect results.

logic

Computers can execute only programs that are written in _______.

machine language

Today, CPUs are small chips known as ________.

microprocessors.

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called ________.

mnemonics

What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?

mnemonics

Windows, Linux, UNIX, and Mac OS are all examples of _______ software.

operating

What type of software controls in internal operations of the computer's hardware?

operating system

A video display is a(n) _______ device.

output device

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called ________.

pixels

A(n)______is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

program

When a program runs in a text-based environment, such as a command line interface, what determines the order in which things happen?

programs determine the order in which things happen

An informal language that has no syntax rules and is not meant to be compiled or executed is called ______.

pseudocode

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer, is called ______.

secondary storage.

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that runs the program is working with, in _______.

secondary storage.

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called _________.

syntax

Thee part of a computer that runs programs is called____.

the CPU.

Negative numbers are encoded using the _______ technique.

two's complement

A ______ is any hypothetical person using a program and providing input for it.

user

The ________ is the part of a computer with which the user interacts.

user interface

The _______ is a collection of classes and other code that can be used, along with a programming language sch as C#, to create programs for the Windows operating system.

.NET framework

A bit that is turned off represents the following value____.

0

What number does a bit that is turned off represent?

0

What number does a bit that is turned on represent?

1

Suppose your instructor gives three exams during the semester and you want to write a program that calculates your average exam score. What four steps should the program take to perform the task?

1. Get the number of hours worked from the appropriate TextBox. 2. Get the hourly pay rate from the appropriate TextBox. 3. Calculate the gross pay as the number of hours worked times the hourly pay rate. 4. Display the gross pay in a pop-up window.

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A compiler is a program that translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program. An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program.

What is a flowchart?

A diagram that graphically depicts the steps of an algorithm.