Chapter 10

Which of the following organizing choices are managers most likely to make to obtain scarce resources under a rapidly changing external environment?

Create an entrepreneurial culture

Inert cultures are those whose values motivate and inspire employees.

False

It's easier for managers to communicate and coordinate with one another when they are responsible for several different kinds of products.

False

It's easier for managers to gain access to scarce resources when the external environment is changing quickly.

False

Managers who make design choices that increase job enlargement are likely to increase the degree to which people behave mechanically.

False

When people who perform similar jobs are grouped together, it becomes difficult for managers to monitor and evaluate their performance.

False

_____ refers to the shared set of beliefs, values, and norms that influence how people and groups work together to achieve organizational goals.

Organizational culture

_____ is the process by which managers create a specific type of organizational structure and culture.

Organizational design

_____ refers to the formal system of task and job reporting relationships that determines how employees use resources to achieve organizational goals.

Organizational structure

According to Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics model, which of the following employees are more likely to be satisfied and to perform at a high level?

Those who are responsible for their work outcomes

What is the goal behind the creation of a divisional structure in an organization?

To create smaller, more manageable units within the organization

Decentralizing authority allows an organization and its employees to behave in a flexible way even as the organization grows and becomes taller.

True

Organizational architecture is the combination of organizational structure, culture, control systems, and human resource management (HRM) systems that together determine how efficiently and effectively organizational resources are used.

True

Organizational culture is shaped by the personal and professional characteristics of people within the organization.

True

Task identity refers to the extent to which a job requires that a worker perform all the tasks necessary to complete the job, from the beginning to the end of the production process.

True

The goal behind creating a divisional structure is to create smaller, more manageable units within the organization.

True

Which of the following organizing choices are managers most likely to make if the external environment is stable and resources are readily available?

Use detailed rules, SOPs, and restrictive norms to govern employees' activities

RST consulting has offices in different locations around the country. Each division is self-contained and caters to the needs of the specific region in which it is located. This is an example of a _____.

geographic structure

The more complicated the technology that an organization uses, the:

greater is the need for a flexible structure.

Josh works for a company where he is given the freedom to decide how best to carry out the tasks assigned to him. From the information given, it can be said that Josh's job has _____.

high autonomy

The process by which managers decide how to divide tasks into specific jobs is known as _____.

job design

Increasing the number of different tasks in a given job by changing the division of labor is known as _____.

job enlargement

Kevin noticed that Derek, an automotive technician at his repair shop, was getting bored of repeatedly performing the lone task of changing oil, so Kevin assigned him the additional duty of fixing tires. This is an example of _____.

job enlargement

Increasing the degree of responsibility a worker has over a job is called _____.

job enrichment

The degree to which a job allows a worker to schedule the tasks of the job and to decide how to carry out these tasks is known as _____.

autonomy

A _____ strategy that is aimed at driving down expenditures in all functions usually fares best in a more _____ structure with more conservative norms.

low-cost; informal

When managers organize divisions based solely on the type of customer they focus on, they adopt a _____.

market structure

A _____refers to an organizational structure composed of all the departments that an organization requires to produce its goods or services.

functional structure

The degree to which programmed solutions are available to people or functions to solve the problems they encounter is known as _____.

task analyzability

The extent to which a job requires that a worker perform all the activities that are required to complete a job is called:

task identity.

The greater the level of uncertainty in an organization's environment:

the more complex its strategy and technology.

Task variety refers to:

the number of new or unexpected problems that a person or function encounters in performing jobs.

The characteristics of an organization's human resources is an important factor in determining the type of organizational structure.

true

The process by which managers establish the structure of working relationships among workers in an organization is called organizing.

true

At the Highway Department, Jim is assigned to a team to develop a new Route 70 river bridge. Jim reports to both the Engineering Manager and the Route 70 Project Manager. The Highway Department is utilizing a _____.

matrix structure

The extent to which a job requires the worker to use a wide range of knowledge and abilities is known as _____.

skill variety

Which of the following cultures develops an emphasis on entrepreneurship and respect for the employee and allows the use of organizational structures that empower employees to make decisions and motivate them to succeed?

Adaptive cultures

How is flexibility ensured in the matrix structure?

By empowering product teams

**By decentralizing authority, an organization establishes values that inhibits creativity.

False

A market structure does not allow managers to act flexibly in making decisions in response to customers' changing needs.

False

A matrix structure is also known as product team structure.

False

A product structure makes it necessary for corporate managers to supervise directly each division's day-to-day operations.

False

In which of the following cultures are employees content to be told what to do and have little incentive or motivation to perform beyond minimum work requirements?

Inert culture

Which of the following is true of a functional structure in an organization?

It allows managers to adequately respond to a changing competitive environment.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organizational culture in a flat, decentralized structure?

It encourages people to be innovative.

Which of the following is true of a low-cost strategy?

It gives managers greater control over the organizational activities.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the organizational culture in a tall organization?

It lays emphasis on obeying authority.

Which of the following is true of an organization with a stable external environment and readily available resources?

Less coordination and communication are needed among people and functions to obtain resources.

Which of the following is true of a matrix structure?

Managers group people by FUNCTION and PRODUCT simultaneously.

In which of the following types of organizational structures are employees referred to as two-boss employees?

Matrix structure

Which of the following structures is the most flexible?

Matrix structure

_____ refers to the number of subordinates who report directly to a manager.

Span of control

A committee of managers from different functions or divisions who meet to solve a specific, mutual problem is called:

Task force

Cultures whose values and norms help an organization to build momentum and to grow and change as needed to achieve its goals and be effective are referred to as:

adaptive cultures.

The relative authority that each manager in the organization has, from the CEO down to the lowest-level employees, is called the:

chain of command of the organization.

A way in which organizations can keep their hierarchy flat is by:

decentralizing authority

Task significance refers to the:

degree to which a worker feels his or her job is meaningful because of its effect on people inside the organization or on people outside the organization.

The result of the job design process is a(n):

division of labor among employees.