Chapter 10 EMT

What is NOT one of the basic parts of a bag-valve-mask system? Non-jam valve Be nonrebreathing Self-refilling shell 15/25 respiratory fitting

15/25 respiratory fitting

The safe residual for an oxygen cylinder is ________ psi. 1,000 300 500 200

200

Which of the following statements BEST describes the exchange of gas in the alveoli? Blood moves by way of the pulmonary capillaries, air arrives at the alveoli, and osmosis occurs. Air moves into the airway, blood arrives via the pulmonary veins, and osmosis occurs. Blood moves from the left heart to the lungs, air arrives in the alveoli sacks, and diffusion occurs. Air moves into the alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary capillaries, and diffusion occurs.

Air moves into the alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary capillaries, and diffusion occurs.

You have arrived at the scene of a call for a "man down." As you enter the residence you note that your patient is a male in his mid-60s who is awake but does not seem to acknowledge your presence. He is perspiring profusely, has cyanosis of his ears and lips, and has rapid, shallow respirations. Which of the following should you do first? Listen to his lung sounds. Check for a radial pulse. Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask and supplemental oxygen. Obtain the patient's medical history.

Assist ventilations with a bag-valve mask and supplemental oxygen

What is the relatively rare condition that can cause respiratory depression? The eyes can develop scar tissue on the retina from a high concentration of oxygen. High concentration of oxygen can depress breathing when the patient has an allergic reaction from the oxygen. Lungs can react unfavorably to oxygen when the concentration is too high for a long period of time and this can depress breathing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has changed the stimulus to breathe to the hypoxic drive and high concentration can depress breathing.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has changed the stimulus to breathe to the hypoxic drive and high concentration can depress breathing.

What are the signs of hypoxia? Shock caused from the lack of blood flowing to the vital organs like the brain and heart that is irreversible Warm dry skin, with difficulty in breathing, and hypertension Disease process that robs the patient of adequate breathing and perfusion Commonly seen as blue or gray skin, deterioration of patient's mental status like confusion or restlessness

Commonly seen as blue or gray skin, deterioration of patient's mental status like confusion or restlessness

Which of the following oxygen cylinders would normally run out after 50 minutes when flowing at 10 liters per minute? G tank M tank D tank E tank

E tank

Which of the following is acceptable for maintaining a seal between an oxygen cylinder and regulator? Grease plug Medical grade adhesive tape Pop-off valve Gasket

Gasket

In assessing a patient's breathing, what is your first question? Is he alive or dead? Is he breathing? Is his breathing adequate or inadequate? Is he big sick or little sick?

Is he breathing?

You and your EMT partner are preparing to ventilate an elderly non-trauma patient who has a stoma. Your partner performs the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver and you ask him to return the patient's head to a neutral position. "Why? This is not a pediatric patient!" your partner protests. What would you say? It is not necessary to position the airway of a stoma breather when providing ventilations. Using the head-tilt, chin-lift prior to clearing any mucus plugs from the stoma can cause airway occlusion. Elderly patients should never have their heads tilted back because spinal curvatures are common and can prevent airway positioning. Stoma breathers should only have their airways positioned after placement of the ventilation device.

It is not necessary to position the airway of a stoma breather when providing ventilations.

Why is inhalation described as an active process? It uses oxygen to assist chest muscles to contract, creating a negative pressure. It requires chest muscles to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure. It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure. It requires the diaphragm to relax and use energy to move, creating a positive pressure.

It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure.

Which of the following is the best device to deliver high-concentration oxygen to a breathing patient? Nonrebreather mask Oropharyngeal airway Simple face mask Nasal cannula

Nonrebreather mask

What device is used to perform mouth-to-mask ventilation? Pocket face mask Stoma Bag-valve mask Automatic transport ventilator

Pocket face mask

To calculate the minute volume, you need to multiply what two measurements? Tidal volume and respiratory rate Tidal volume and dead space air Respiratory rate and bronchial dilation Alveolar ventilation and respiratory rate

Tidal volume and respiratory rate

Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected after striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do first? Apply a nonrebreather mask with an oxygen flow rate of 15 lpm. Apply a cervical collar. Perform a rapid trauma assessment. Use a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen.

Use a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen

Your patient is a 55-year-old man with a history of chronic bronchitis. You have been called to his home today because of an increase in his level of respiratory distress. The patient is on 2 liters per minute of oxygen by nasal cannula at home. Your assessment reveals difficulty speaking due to shortness of breath, leaning forward to breathe, a productive cough, and a respiratory rate of 32 per minute. Which of the following is true concerning the best course of action for this patient? -You should not increase the patient's oxygen flow rate because of his likely dependence on a hypoxic drive to stimulate breathing. -You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to his tissues. If his respiratory rate decreases, you can assist him with a bag-valve-mask device. -You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate until his respiratory rate decreases and then resume oxygen administration at 2 liters per minute. -Because increased blood levels of carbon dioxide are the primary stimulus to breathe, you should encourage the patient to rebreathe his exhaled air from a paper bag.

You should increase the patient's oxygen flow rate to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to his tissues. If his respiratory rate decreases, you can assist him with a bag-valve-mask device.

For life to be maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is called: hypoxia hypercarbia. hypotension. hyperventilation.

hypoxia

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the cell membranes from the capillaries is called: dehydration. external respiration. internal respiration. oxygenation

internal respiration.

You are attempting to replace the oxygen cylinder in your truck. After removing the regulator from the old cylinder, removing the old cylinder, and placing the new cylinder in the oxygen compartment, you attempt to connect the regulator. The new cylinder has a yellow stripe around it instead of a green one but was stored with the green cylinders. You are unable to get the regulator to seat properly and it will not turn. You should: remove the cylinder and get a green cylinder. replace the oxygen regulator with a new one. put the old cylinder back on the truck. attempt to force the regulator onto the cylinder.

remove the cylinder and get a green cylinder.

The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called: inhalation. ventilation. respiration. tidal volume.

ventilation