Chapter 11

Speaking notes should be

Brief, legible and unobtrusive

Presentation must be

Clearly organized, well documented, and effectively delivered

An excess of jumbles, stumbles, and fillers make a speaker sound

Disorganized, nervous, and uncertain

Visual elements

Dress effectively, speak up with confidence and authority, get set before speaking, begin without looking at notes, establish and maintain eye contact, stand and move effectively, don't pack up early, pause then move out confidently.

Don't emphasize what you DIDN'T do

Emphasize what you DID do.

A good extemporaneous presentation should sound exactly the same each time you deliver it.

False

A presentation must be perfect to be effective.

False

An extemporaneous presentation should sound spontaneous, but in fact it should be memorized word for word.

False

Interactive presentation

Feels more like a conversation than a speech

When addressing audience

Keep most sentences short, use personal pronouns freely, use the active voice, use contractions often, address your listeners by name.

Vocal elements

Speak with enthusiasm and sincerity, speak loud to be heard, avoid disfluencies, vary your speech, use pauses effectively

The fearful thoughts can cause

The speaker to bungle the presentation.

Listeners often interpret an overly soft voice as a sign of

Timidity or lack of conviction

As you speak, the way you use your voice sends a message to your audience regarding your attitudes about yourself, your topic, and your listeners.

True

Verbal elements

Use an oral-speaking style, don't emphasize mistakes, use proper vocabulary, enunciation, and pronunciation.

Corinne is planning to give a presentation to a group of investors concerning her company's new line of paper products. She wants to carefully control the order in which she reveals information during her presentation. When would the best time be for her to answer questions from the audience

after the presentation

All of the following are guidelines for delivering an impromptu presentation EXCEPT

avoid stating a thesis.

All of the following presentation styles are used in business and professional presentations EXCEPT

dialogue.

Impromptu presentations

An unexpected, off-the-cuff talk

Impromptu speeches will be most effective if you

Anticipate when you may be asked to speak, focus on your audience and situation, accept invitation with assurance, organize your thoughts, present reasons, logic, or fact to support viewpoints, don't apologize, don't ramble.

Manuscript speaking is common in

Company meetings, conventions, and press conferences.

Avoid addressing a listener by name during a presentation.

False

Because an impromptu speech is not rehearsed, it does not need to be organized.

False

Speeches will be better if you consider these visual and vocal elements of the delivery

How you look, what words you use, and how you sound

Guided discussions

Interactive, feedback encouraged

Monologues

One way speeches, delivered without interruptions

Biggest problem of memorized presentations is

That it sounds memorized

After hearing that a local tire company was looking for a new firm to handle their advertising, Kevin scheduled a sales presentation to try to persuade the company to sign on with his advertising business. For the presentation, Kevin wanted to use a style of delivery that would enable him to cover all his prepared material in an organized way, yet would still appear spontaneous. Which delivery method should Kevin select for his presentation?

extemporaneous

An interactive presentation

is common in sales settings.

A guided discussion

occurs when a speaker has a set plan of material to cover, but encourages listeners to join in during the presentation with questions and comments

All of the following are true about vocal delivery EXCEPT

you should maintain an unvarying pitch and volume throughout your speech.

All of the following are typical characteristics of an oral speaking style EXCEPT

long, flowery sentences.

A critical problem with the use of a(n) _______________ style of delivery is that you focus so much on trying to recall what you are going to say next, it makes it difficult to speak with natural intonation.

memorized

An effective extemporaneous presentation

should be carefully prepared and rehearsed several times, but not memorized.

Bettina was asked to give a presentation to a group of potential investors. She wouldn't find out what topics they wanted her to discuss until she collected their questions a few moments before the presentation. What type of delivery must Bettina use in this situation?

Impromptu

A "yes, and" answer is often an effective response to a complaint or negative question.

True

A manuscript style of delivery is often boring, even if it is delivered flawlessly.

True

A monologue presentation

occurs when the speaker delivers the entire presentation without interruption from the audience.

Disfluencies

Are those stammers and stutters that creep into everyone's language at one time or another

All of the following are characteristics of effective notes for extemporaneous presentations EXCEPT

Detailed.

When it comes to actually delivering material, speakers have 4 options

Manuscript presentation, memorized presentation, extemporaneous presentation, impromptu presentation

When it comes to presentation style, there are 3 patterns

Monologues, guided discussions and interactive presentations.

Audience remember the

Opening and closing remarks most clearly

Extemporaneous presentations

Planned and rehearsed, but not word-for-word

Memorized presentations

Recited word-for-word from memory.

The best stance for delivery is

Relaxed but firm. Speakers feet are planted firmly on the ground and spaced at shoulder width.

Manuscript presentation

Speakers read their remarks word-for-word from a prepared statement

How to manage questions

Start the ball rolling, anticipate likely questions, clarify complicated or confusing questions, treat questionnaires with respect, keep answers focused on your goals, buy time when necessary, address your answer to the entire audience, follow the last question with a summary.

An impromptu talk

should include main points that are clearly indicated.