Chapter 11

In a single act of unprotected sex with an infected partner, a teenage girl has

- 1% of getting HIV - 30% of getting genital herpes - 50% of getting gonorrhea

Which of the following is true regarding sexual behavior in adolescents belonging to different ethnic and cultural groups

- African Americans most sexually active, Asian Americans are less - Acculturation may play a role in Latinos sexual behavior

Factors that affect timing of puberty

- childhood obesity - urban environment - adoption - low socioeconomic status - adoption, father absence, family conflict - child maltreatment - early substance use 343

Aspects in developing a sexual identity

- learning to regulate sexual behavior to avoid undesirable consequences - learning to manage sexual feelings - developing new forms of sexual intimacy

Infants born to adolescent mothers

- more likely for low birth weights - neruo probs - childhood illness 348

Common characteristics of those with anorexia nervosa

-being a non latina white female -think about what others think of them -well educated, competitive, and high achieving young woman

Linked to early sexual activity

-drug use -delinquency -school related problems

Which of the following statements about adolescent idealism is true

-engage in extended speculation about

Which of the following activities puts young adolescents at risk for early sexual behavior

-family parenting problems -low socioeconomic problems -sexually active older siblings

Synaptic pruning states that adolescents have ___________ neural connections than children.

-fewer -more selective -more effective 345

Some reasons why teenage birth rate in the U.S. has decreased

-higher hopes for the future -health classes -fear of sexually transmitted infections

Study: students who moved to seventh grade from six grade elementary school were

-less committed to school -less satisfied with school -liked their teachers less

Too often, US high schools foster

-low expectation -passivity -inadequacy

Which of the following are proven effects of exercise in adolescents

-lower levels of substance use -reduced triglyceride levels -regulation of weight levels -lower blood pressure -lower risk for tpe 2 diabetes

Recommended for effective schooling for young adolescents

-lower student to counselor ratios -boosting students health and fitness -involvement of parents 363

Structures in adolescent's brain that goes through major changes

-parietal lobes -subcortical region -frontal lobe

Factors in preventing drug use among teens

-positive relationship with parents -parental monitoring -family dinners -authoritative parenting

When solving problems, a formal operational adolescent will begin to use all of the following

-problem solving strategies -systematic testing -logic and speculation

Some problems that early maturing girls might exhibit

-smoke, drink, depression, eating disorder, delinquency -struggle for early independence -early relationships and sexual activity, older friends 344

What are patterns of initial attraction for gay and lesbian youths

-they may have physical or emotional attractions to same sex individuals without falling in love -they do have physical and emotional -they may have bisexual attractions

What conditions should be met for an effective service learning experience

1. Students should have some degree of choice in the service activity in which they participate 2. Students should be given time to reflect about their experience

Order of male characteristics development in puberty

1. increase in penis and testicle size 2. appearance of straight pubic hair 3. minor voice change 4. first ejaculation 5. appearance of kinky pubic hair 6. maximum growth in height and weight 7. hair in armpits 8. more detectable voice changes 9. growth of facial hair 340

Improved critical thinking includes which skills

1. increased speed, automaticity, and capacity of information 2. more breadth of content knowledge in a variety of domains 3. increased ability to construct new combinations of knowledge 4. a greater range and more spontaneous use of strategies or procedures for applying or obtaining knowledge

Typical age for beginning of puberty in boys

10-13.5

formal operational stage begins at what age

11 356

__________ minute delay in school start time makes the adolescent more alert, health, and sleep.

30 minute

One study showed that __________ of high school seniors said they had been in a vehicle with a drugged or drinking driver in the past two weeks.

30%

What percentage of adolescents did not use condoms during their last sexual encounter

34%

Since their peak in 1996, smoking rates among US eighth graders have fallen by

50% 354

What percentage of US boys of 15-19 go through oral sex

55%

Time honored ways that adolescents move towards accepting parents values is with their behaviors of

Acting out and boundary testing 341

Adolescent's have a heightened awareness of importance, uniqueness, and severity of their experiences.

Adolescent egocentrism 358

Regarding adolescents in participating in extra curricular activities

Adolescents benefit more by focusing on one or two extra curricular activities rather than many

Which ethnic and gender group exercises the least?

African American and Latino girls 351

-Weight under 85% of what is considered normal -Intense fear of gaining weight -Distorted image of their body -Annorrhea

Anorexia Nervosa 356

Compared to other countries, the US and ________ adolescents are more likely to eat fried foods and less likely to eat fruits and veggies

British

Part of the brain that thickens during adolescence, ability to process information

Corpus Callosum

A view of thinking in which decision making is influenced by two systems: one analytical and one experimental-- that compete with each other

Dual-Process Model

Hormone most closely associated with females

Estradiol

Proposed that adolescence is a turbulent time charged with conflict and mood swings. "storm and stress"

G. Stanley Hall

Involves coming up with a theory, considering its implications, and testing it out

Hypothetical deductive

Emerges from adolescents' belief that others are interested in them as themselves and that everyone is watching them.

Imaginary Audience 358

Since there is a lot of information in the U.S. about sex like television and magazines, adolescents become more aware and develop a

Mature Sexual Identity 346

Higher concentration of this hormone in boys leads to development of genitals, change of voice, and change in height.

Testosterone 341

Which of the following statements about adolescent drug use in the U.S. is true?

The U.S. has one of the most highest rates of adolescent drug use compared to other industrialized countries 354

A delay in a release of melatonin will result in

a delay in one's period of sleepiness

A developmental period thats serves as a bridge between the asexual child and the sexual adult

adolescence 345

As a life period, _____________ is a critical juncture in the adoption of behaviors that are relevant to health.

adolescence 351

Anorexia Nervosa typically begins in early to middle ________ years.

adolescent 357

Research revealed which of the following regarding early substance use

alcohol use before age 11 was linked to a higher risk of alcohol dependence in early adulthood

Girls consistently have a more negative _______ _________ than boys throughout puberty

body image

Behaviors such as stress, exercise, eating patterns, and tension can ___________ various aspects of the hormonal system

both activate and surpress

Kuhn: ____________ in cognitive functioning is present across individuals in adolescence

considerable variability

Prefrontal cortex which isn't finished developing until adolescence is involved in which functions

decision making, reasoning, and self control

Binge drinking by high school seniors _________ since 1980 to 2009

decreased

The amygdala matures ___________ than the prefrontal cortex

earlier than

Exert stronger influences on cognitive development

education and culture

Adolescents tend to make unwise decisions when they are ________ charged

emotionally

____________ functioning is like an umbrella-like concept that consists of a number of higher level cognitive processes linked to the development of of the prefrontal cortex

executive

Which school year is most difficult

first year of middle school

An adolescent during 11-15 yrs of age will be able to reason logically beyond concrete experiences

formal operational thought stage

_______ operational thought is more abstract than __________ operational thought

formal; concrete 357

The ____________ of family dinners can influence an adolescent's likelihood of substance abuse problems

frequency 342

True about pubertal growth spurt

hits girls sooner than boys

By their late thirties, late-maturing boys have developed a more positive sense of __________ than early-maturing boys

identity

Until very recently, at all grade levels, adolescent ______________ (male/females) were more likely than adolescent ____________(male/females) to report having sex and being sexually active. However that trend switched in 2009.

males;females

A girl's first menstruation

menarche 342

Almost half of all deaths from 15 to 24 years of age are due to unintentional injuries, majority of them which are

motor vehicle accidents 353

Less than 1% of the girls in the U.S. have developed anorexia

nervosa

Sexual Transmitted Infections are transmitted by

oral genital, anal genital, and genital genital contact 348

The part of adolescent egocentrism that involves an adolescent's sense of uniqueness and invincibility (or invulnerability)

personal fable 359

Most likely to occur during adolescence

preoccupation with the body

Which of the following marks the beginning of adolescence

puberty

Period of a rapidly physical maturation, occurring primarily in early adolescence, that involves hormonal and bodily changes.

puberty342

A person suffering from bulimia nervosa will most likely binge on food then

purge it by self-inducing vomit or using a laxative 356

Type of reason 50% of students drop out of high school

school related reasons 364

When anorexia nervosa happens to males the symptoms are ____________ to females

similar

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by the pursuit of thinness through

starvation, binge and purge behavior, and purging 355

An example of a caring adult in an adolescent's life would be a

teacher, mentor, neighbor, coach, after school leaders 341

Which hormones are present in both girls and boys

testosterone and estradiol

Continues to have the highest rates of adolescent pregnancies

the US

Hormones are carried through the body by

the bloodstream

Adolescence is an important transitional period that develops critical

thinking

When students make a transition from middle school, the experience ___________________ which is moving from the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in middle to being the youngest, smallest and least powerful.

top dog phenomenon 363

Rate of adolescent suicide _________ since the 1950's

tripled

How does the media portray adolescents

troubled and distressed

In half of the motor vehicle accidents involving adolescence, the driver is

under the influence of alcohol

The Teen Outreach Program focuses on adolescents doing _________ community service activities

volunteer

Most visible changes in puberty is sexual maturation and increases in height and

weight 342