Chapter 12 PY 201

Which statement about groupthink is correct? Group members will never agree if there is a minority influence present. Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus. Group members modify their opinion to go against what they believe is the group consensus. Group members will use brainstorming to discover the solution that most group members agree on.

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

When making a group decision, Corey and colleagues typically discourage debate about various ideas and focus on building consensus for their manager's ideas. This practice is typical in: social loafing. diffusion of responsibility. groupthink. legitimization of authority.

Groupthink

Lucas walks around his busy college campus between classes. He notices smoke coming out from one of the buildings, but decides not to call the fire department because he assumes that someone else has already called. What psychological phenomenon does this example illustrate? diffusion of responsibility groupthink the self-serving bias altruism

diffusion of responsibility

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________. diffusion of responsibility prosocial behavior aggression cognitive dissonance

diffusion of responsibility

Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item? foot-in-the-door technique effort justification strategy lowball technique door-in-the-face strategy

foot in the door technique

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias? Leonard gets bad grades in sociology and psychology, so he switches his major to biology because he will like it more. Leonard gets a bad grade in his psychology class and a good grade in his sociology class, so he believes he should study harder to prepare for his next psychology exam. Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams. Leonard gets good grades in sociology and psychology, so he sends his professors a card thanking them for what good professors they are.

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) ________. confirmation bias self-fulfilling prophecy representativeness bias availability heuristic

confirmation bias

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt. This is an example of: compliance. conformity. stereotyping. obedience.

conformity

Orlando shares with a friend that he does not like people who are homosexual, and that he goes out of his way at work to avoid helping customers who he suspects are gay. His friend says to him, "man, that isn't a cool way to be. You do realize that you're expressing a form of prejudice called ________, don't you?" transphobia gender dysphoria asexuality homophobia

homophobia

According to research discussed in your textbook, prejudice is reduced when: groups are asked to pretend they like each other. members of different groups are made to work together to achieve a common goal. members of different groups are forced to live with one another. an intellectual argument against prejudice is made.

members of different groups are made to work together to achieve a common goal.