Chapter 13: Emotion

A celebrity actress experiences ever-increasing levels of professional acclaim following each successful movie role. Yet with each success, she experiences no more than a temporary surge of subjective well-being. This is best explained in terms of the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. James-Lange theory. c. two-factor theory. d. adaptation-level phenomenon.

adaptation level principle

The instantaneous and automatic fear response we experience when unexpectedly stumbling upon a snake illustrates the importance of the a. amygdala. b. hypothalamus. c. pituitary gland. d. hippocampus.

amygdala.

Which theory suggests that you would not experience intense anger unless you were first aware of your racing heart or other symptoms of physiological arousal? the relative deprivation theory b. the James-Lange theory c. the adaptation-level theory d. the Cannon-Bard theory

b. the James-Lange theory

People tend to use emotion-focused rather than problem-focused coping strategies when they a. believe they cannot change a stressful situation. b. appraise a stressful event as a challenge rather than a threat. c. enter the resistance phase of the general adaptation syndrome. d. deal with the stress of daily hassles such as obnoxious cell-phone talkers.

believe they cannot change a stressful situation

In the late 1960s, experiments indicated that rats could learn to slow their heartbeat if given pleasurable brain stimulation when their heartbeat decreased. This research most clearly demonstrated the potential utility of a. spontaneous remission. b. acupuncture therapies. c. the placebo effect. d. biofeedback.

biofeedback

B lymphocytes are formed in the a. adrenal gland. b. brainstem. c. liver. d. bone marrow.

bone marrow

Who is the best example of a Type A personality? a. Bonnie, a relaxed, fun-loving professor. b. Susan, a brilliant, self-confident accountant. c. Clay, a reflective, open-minded artist. d. Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist.

d. Andre, a competitive, easily-angered journalist

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system a. increases salivation and increases blood pressure. b. decreases salivation and decreases blood pressure. c. increases salivation and decreases blood pressure. d. decreases salivation and increases blood pressure.

decreases salivation and increases blood pressure.

Antonio's car stalls in the middle of a railroad crossing just as a train is rapidly approaching. His emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by a. a decreased blood sugar level. b. a decreased respiration rate. c. contraction of the arteries. d. dilation of his pupils.

dilation of pupils

After breaking up with her boyfriend, Kathy alleviated her stress by avoiding contact with her ex-boyfriend and by planning recreational activities with her best girlfriend. Kathy's behavior best illustrates a. an optimistic outlook on life. b. spontaneous remission. c. a Type B personality. d. emotion-focused coping.

emotion-focused coping.

The fight-or-flight response is associated with the release of ________ into the bloodstream. a. serotonin b. carcinogens c. lymphocytes d. epinephrine

epinephrine

By exposing different parts of emotion-laden faces, researchers found that we detect anger mostly from the ________ and happiness mostly from the ________. a. eyes; mouth b. mouth; eyes c. eyes; eyes d. mouth; mouth

eyes; mouth

The most universally understood way of expressing emotion is through a. hand gestures. b. body postures. c. facial expressions. d. tone of voice.

facial expressions

Exuberant infants and alert, energetic adults are especially likely to show high levels of brain activity in the a. limbic system. b. sensory cortex. c. cerebellum. d. left frontal lobe.

left frontal lobe

Feigned smiles are initiated ________ abruptly and last for a ________ time than genuine smiles. a. more; shorter b. less; longer c. more; longer d. less; shorter

more; longer

A lie detector test is used to monitor a person's a. insulin levels. b. stomach contraction. c. brain activity. d. respiration.

respiration

If you mimic another person's facial expressions of emotion, you probably will feel increasing empathy for that person. This is best explained in terms of a. the catharsis hypothesis. b. relative deprivation. c. the James-Lange theory. d. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

James Lange theory

If people who have just been aroused by watching rock videos are then insulted, their feelings of anger will be greater than those of people who have been similarly provoked but were not previously aroused. This is best explained by the a. relative deprivation principle. b. Cannon-Bard theory. c. catharsis hypothesis. d. two-factor theory.

Two Factor Theory arousal & label

If people wrinkle their noses in disgust when presented with a strange-looking food, they are likely to experience an increasingly intense emotional aversion to the food. This best illustrates the a. Cannon-Bard theory. b. relative deprivation principle. c. feel-good, do-good phenomenon. d. facial feedback effect.

facial feedback effect

After receiving exciting news about the birth of a healthy grandson, Mr. Haney was easily persuaded to contribute a generous sum of money to a neighborhood church. This best illustrates the a. two-factor theory. b. adaptation-level phenomenon. c. James-Lange theory. d. feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

approach to lie detection that assesses a suspect's physiological response to details of a crime known only to police investigators is called the a. relative deprivation principle. b. catharsis hypothesis. c. adaptation-level principle. d. guilty knowledge test.

guilty knowledge test

Aerobic exercise ________ the body's production of serotonin and ________ its production of the endorphins. a. decreases; decreases b. increases; increases c. decreases; increases d. increases; decreases

increases

Type A personality is to Type B personality as ________ is to _______. a. epinephrine; norepinephrine b. obesity; cancer c. time-conscious; competitive d. irritable; calm

irritable; calm

The second phase of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by a. resistance. b. exhaustion. c. an alarm reaction. d. low blood pressure.

resistance

Professor Crane was ecstatic when he learned that his research study had been approved for publication. His feelings of joy quickly dissipated, however, when he heard a colleague recently had three different research articles accepted for publication. His declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of a. the facial feedback effect. b. relative deprivation. c. the James-Lange theory. d. the adaptation-level phenomenon.

relative deprivation

One person, alone in a house, dismisses its creaking sounds and experiences no stress; someone else suspects an intruder and becomes alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of a. biofeedback. b. stress appraisal. c. spontaneous remission. d. the general adaptation syndrome.

stress appraisal

Religiously active AIDS patients ________ than do their nonreligious counterparts. a. survive longer b. have more depressed moods c. have higher stress hormone levels d. exhibit fewer problem-focused coping skills

survive longer

Luciano believes that the best way to get over the anger he feels toward his high school teacher is to scream shameful profanities while hitting a punching bag. His belief best illustrates a. relative deprivation. b. the adaptation-level phenomenon. c. the catharsis hypothesis. d. the guilty knowledge test.

the catharsis hypothesis.

The arousal that lingers after an intense argument may intensify sexual passion. This best illustrates a. relative deprivation. b. the spillover effect. c. the adaptation-level phenomenon. d. the feel-good, do-good phenomenon.

the spillover effect

When Mr. Morgan misinterpreted his harmless symptoms of autonomic nervous system arousal as indicative of an impending heart attack, he suffered an unusually intense level of fear. His emotional suffering is best understood in terms of the a. catharsis hypothesis. b. James-Lange theory. c. relative deprivation principle. d. two-factor theory.

two factor theory