Chapter 17 BIO 142

Endocrine glands:

A. are ductless glands. B. are the organs of the endocrine system. C. secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. D. help maintain homeostasis. E. All choices are correct

This figure shows the endocrine system. Which number indicates the thymus gland?

Above the heart( in Picture its # 8

Which lobe of the pituitary is larger and secretes more hormones?

Anterior pituitary

Which is not a cell type found in the pancreatic islets?

C cell

The disease called ___________ is caused by excessive secretion of glucocorticoids, and is characterized by redistribution of body fat to produce the features known as "moon face" and "buffalo hump"

Cushing syndrome

Which hormones are collectively called the gonadotropins?

Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?

Insulin

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas?

Insulin

Which is not correct regarding the pancreas?

It does not begin to secrete its hormones until puberty.

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

Melatonin

Where are the target cells for follicle-stimulating hormone?

Ovaries and testes

The metabolic condition called ___________ results from the destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas due to an autoimmune response.

Type 1 diabetes

Which region of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids?

Zona fasciculata

Excessive secretion of growth hormone in adults can cause:

acromegaly.

The release of hormones from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by:

adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Glucagon and insulin work _________ on blood glucose levels.

antagonistically

-stimulating hormone (TSH) is secreted by the:

anterior pituitary, and it targets follicular cells of the thyroid gland.

hypothalamic hormone that triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is:

corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is:

glucagon.

The part of the brain that some consider to be a "master control center" of the endocrine system is the:

hypothalamus.

The thyroid gland is located:

immediately anterior to the trachea.

Thyroid hormone's effects are to:

increase metabolic rate and body temperature by increasing protein synthesis in target cells

This figure shows the endocrine system. Which structure does number 10 indicate?

medial to the liver in picture its the pancreas.

The two hormones released from the posterior pituitary are

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.

In addition to secreting hormones, the pancreas also produces:

pancreatic juice.

Two regions of the hypothalamus that are associated with the posterior pituitary are the:

paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus.

The hormone oxytocin is synthesized in the:

paraventricular nucleus.

parathyroid glands are located:

posterior to the thyroid gland.

The primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is to:

stimulate glucocorticoid release from the adrenal glands.

The release of hormones from the adrenal medulla is stimulated by:

the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.