Chapter 18: Evaluating

"Measurable qualities, attributes, or characteristics that identify knowledge or health status" defines: standards. criteria. evaluations. evidence-based practice.

criteria. Rationale: Criteria are "measurable qualities, attributes, or characteristics that identify skill, knowledge, or health status." Standards are the "levels of performance accepted by and expected of nursing staff or other health team members." Evidence-based practice incorporates delivering nursing care that evidence supports as likely to result in meeting the expected client outcomes. Evaluation involves measuring how well the client has achieved the outcomes that were set forth in the plan of care.

A nurse manager is conducting peer reviews of the staff on the critical care unit. Which person would the nurse manager select to evaluate a registered nurse who is certified in critical care? Another nurse manager Another registered nurse with critical care certification One of the staff critical care physicians Another staff nurse from the medical-surgical unit

Another registered nurse with critical care certification Rationale: Peer review is the evaluation of one staff member by another staff member on the same level in the hierarchy of the organization. Therefore, another registered nurse who is certified in critical care would be appropriate to evaluate a critical care nurse certified in critical care. A nurse manager and a critical care physician are at a higher level in the hierarchy than a staff nurse certified in critical care. A staff nurse without certification in critical care would also not be appropriate to evaluate a nurse with this certification.

"The client will verbalize appropriate cast care on discharge" represents which type of outcome? Psychomotor Cognitive Affective Physical change

Cognitive Rationale: This is an example of a cognitive outcome. Cognitive outcomes are related to achieving greater knowledge. Psychomotor outcomes are those that are related to new skill attainment. Affective outcomes are related to feelings and attitudes. Physical changes are related to actual body changes in the individual.

The nurse manager observes one of the unit nurses failing to wash hands on entering a client room. Hospital protocol is to wash hands before and after entering a client room. This scenario is an example of which approach to quality assurance? Quality by inspection Quality as opportunity Quality by perception Quality as initiative

Quality by inspection Rationale: Quality by inspection is an approach to quality assurance in which nurses watch for deficient workers and remove them in an effort to prevent harm to clients. Quality as opportunity, on the other hand, focuses on finding opportunities for improvement and fosters an environment that thrives on teamwork, with people sharing the skills and lessons they have learned. Quality by perception and quality as initiative are not specific approaches to quality assurance.

Which nursing action reflects evaluation? The nurse identifies that the client does not tolerate activity. The nurse sets a tolerable pain rating with the client. The nurse auscultates the client's lungs and abdomen. The nurse assesses urine output following administration of a diuretic.

The nurse assesses urine output following administration of a diuretic. Rationale: Assessing the client's response to a diuretic medication is an example of evaluation. Recognition of a client health problem that can be prevented or resolved by independent nursing intervention, such as activity intolerance, is the focus of diagnosing. Auscultating the client's lungs and abdomen is an example of assessment. Setting a tolerable pain rating with the client is an example of planning.