Chapter 18 nutrition

Of the 10 leading causes of illness and death, how many are associated directly with nutrition

4

Type 2 diabetes usually develops after people reach the age of

40

What % of people with diabetes have type 1

5-10

Among the leading causes of death in the United States diabetes ranks number

7

Microangiopathies are disorders of the

Capillaries

The higher risk for breast cancer in obese women after menopause is thought to result mainly from chronic exposure to

Estrogen

Most people with type 2 diabetes have

Excess body fat

Which of the following dietary components is thought to be protective against certain types of cancer

Fiber

Which of the following describes the actions of carcinogen?

Initiates cancer

T-cells

Lymphocytes that attack antigens. T stands for the thymus gland, where the T-cells mature

B-cells

Lymphocytes that produce antibodies. B stands for bone marrow, where the the B cells develop and mature

A complication of diabetes is blurry vision, which results from swelling of the lenses of the eye caused by conversion of excess glucose to

Sugar alcohols

Which of the following conditions would the pancreas be unable to synthesize insulin

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Phagocytes

White blood cells that have the ability to ingest and destroy foreign substances

What is believed to be the primary cause of type 1 diabetes

Defect of the immune system

In the otherwise stable person with type 1 diabetes,a potential problem associated with physical activity is

Hypoglycemia

Which of the following risk factors for disease may be modified by diet

Low HDL level

What is the name of the cancer-treatment substance first extracted from the bark of old pacific yew trees (and now synthesized in the laboratory)

Metastasize

The frequent urination common in diabetes is known as

Polyuria

Insulin resistance is defined as

Reduced sensitivity of cells to blood insulin

What is Ayurveda

A Hindu system for enhancing the body's ability to prevent illness and to heal itself

What type of food is know to be a protective factor for esophageal cancer?

Nonstarchy vegetables