Chapter 2

Shayla told the marketing team that their efforts would have to be adaptable to an emerging culture in India where more people were looking for products based on their social standing rather than economy. Which cultural value is Shayla concerned with? Wealth Risk taking Dynamic Hygiene

Wealth

verbal communication systems

(languages) are immediately obvious to anyone entering a foreign culture

What four things must be considered when a company is analyzing how it will communicate about a product in a foreign market? Available media and who uses each type Verbal and nonverbal communication used in the culture Values associated with product and its use The needs the product fills Legal regulations regarding distribution efforts Consumers who can afford the product

Available media and who uses each type Verbal and nonverbal communication used in the culture Values associated with product and its use The needs the product fills

Match the cultural concepts (in the left column) to their definitions (in the right column). Cultural values - norms- sanctions rules that specify or prohibit certain behavior in specific situation widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable in a culture Penalties for the violation of cultural norms

Cultural values - widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable in a culture norms-rules that specify or prohibit certain behavior in specific situation sanctions- Penalties for the violation of cultural norms

Home Tools Inc. is considering expansion efforts into South America. What two things should their initial demographic analysis reveal to indicate if they should continue pursuing this idea? Number of households that need the products Available media sources to advertise the products Number of people who can afford the products Number of local manufacturing facilities to produce the products

Number of households that need the products Number of people who can afford the products

polychronic time perspective

People and relationships take priority over schedules, and activities occur at their own pace rather than according to a predetermined timetable.

Clean-Rite Corp.'s marketing team was frustrated when the new line of time-saving cleaning products failed dramatically. Which cultural perspective of time would have responded to these products negatively? Polychronic Monochronic

Polychronic

The marketing team at USA Uniforms Inc. decided it would be inappropriate to include a clergyman in their promotion since their audience members might be offended. Which dichotomy of cultural values is affecting their choice? Religious/secular Active/passive Performance/status Risk taking/security

Religious/secular

What is an accurate description of symbols? People have an innate ability to accurately interpret symbols. People usually communicate using symbols when there are language barriers, as they always mean the same thing. Symbols like numbers, creatures, music, colors, and shapes have different interpretations across cultures. Symbols have universal meanings.

Symbols like numbers, creatures, music, colors, and shapes have different interpretations across cultures.

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)

average or median income to evaluate markets

monochronic time perspective

believing that a person does one thing at a time, we have a strong orientation toward the present and the short-term future

A society that gives incentives and prestige to groups is most likely to value the other-oriented cultural value of commercialism. individualism. collectivism. relativism.

collectivism.

Demographics

describe a population in terms of its size, structure, and distribution

The _____ dichotomy is a set of cultural values that determine the extent to which a culture is accepting of a variety of religions, ethnicities, political stances, and various other subcultures. diversity/uniformity sensual gratification/abstinence religiosity/secularism tradition/change

diversity/uniformity

The _____ dichotomy is a set of other-oriented cultural values that describes whether a culture values individual initiative or group conformity. competitive/cooperative tradition/change youth/age individual/collective

individual/collective`

personal space

it is the nearest that others can come to you in various situations without your feeling uncomfortable

Glocalization

marketing strategy may be global but the implementation and tactics should be local

cultural values

widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable

Match the types of time perspectives across cultures (in the left column) to their corresponding descriptions (in the right column). monochronic time perspective- Polychronic time perspective- Cultures with this perspective view time as fixed in nature, inescapable, and linear, and they often compare its nature to that of a physical object. Cultures with this perspective view time as fixed in nature, inescapable, and linear, and they often compare its nature to that of a physical object.

monochronic time perspective-Cultures with this perspective view time as fixed in nature, inescapable, and linear, and they often compare its nature to that of a physical object. Polychronic time perspective- Cultures with this perspective view time as fixed in nature, inescapable, and linear, and they often compare its nature to that of a physical object.

sanctions

penalties ranging from mild social disapproval to banishment from the group

Guanxi

personal connections/relationships on which an individual can draw to secure resources or advantages when doing business as well as in the course of social life

environment-oriented values

prescribe a society's relationship to its economic and technical as well as its physical environment

other-oriented values

reflect a society's view of the appropriate relationships between individuals and groups within that society

self-oriented values

reflect the objectives and approaches to life that the individual members of society find desirable

Etiquette

represents generally accepted ways of behaving in social situations

The _____ dichotomy is a set of environment-oriented cultural values that determines whether a culture appreciates or considers reckless the people who endanger their status or wealth on a new venture. risk taking/security hard work/leisure religious/secular competitive/cooperative

risk taking/security

norms

rules that specify or prohibit certain behaviors in specific situations

Terminal materialism

the acquisition of items for the sake of owning the item itself

instrumental materialism

the acquisitions of things to enable one to do something

Nonberbal communication systems

the arbitrary meaning a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words

Culture

the complex whole that includes knowledge, belief,art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society

power distance

the degree to which people accept inequality in power, authority, status, and wealth as natural or inherent in society

distribution

the physical location of individuals in terms of geographic region and rural, suburban, and urban location

structure

the society in terms of age, income, education, and occupation