Chapter 2: Ethics in Organizations
Virtue ethics
- Another approach to dealing with ethical dilemmas -The virtue approach focuses on the integrity of the decision maker instead of the action or its impending consequences
Utilitarianism is the best known of which approach to dealing with ethical situations?
Consequentialist
Which level of Kohlberg's model of moral development are you reasoning at if you are trying to abide by the golden rule or recognize others' feelings?
Conventional
Which approach to dealing with ethical dilemmas is based on the belief that society has universal principles that should be upheld?
Deontological
How an organization handles motives, pressures, and its surrounding environment that may affect its overall culture is called what?
Ethical Climate
What is a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails violating a moral principle?
Ethical Dilemma
Who are individuals or groups outside of the organization that are indirectly affected by the actions and decisions an organization and its employees make?
External Stakeholder
According to Social Intuition Theory, what is the main factor in determining how a person reacts to an ethical dilemma?
Immediate gut feelings
Values
Important and lasting beliefs or ideals shared by the members of a culture about what is good or bad and desirable or undesirable.
If you are an employee at a restaurant, which of the following groups of stakeholders would you fit into?
Internal Stakeholder
According to the moral reasoning video, what term describes the fact that people often reach strong moral conclusions that they cannot logically defend?
Moral Dumbfounding
Which level of Kohlberg's model of moral development are you reasoning at if you are aware of others' value systems and are accepting of those differences?
Post-conventional
Healthier food options being made available at fast-food restaurants after Morgan Spurlock's documentary "Supersize Me" came out are an example of which General Factor affecting stakeholders?
Socio-cultural Factors
What stage of Kohlberg's model of Moral Development are you reasoning at if you move beyond self-interest in justifying your actions?
Stage 3-mutual expectations and relationships
Ethics
The branch of philosophy dealing with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions.
Stakeholders
The different people and groups that are affected by an organization's activities. -several different types
Business Ethics
The study of proper business policies and practices regarding potentially controversial issues, such as corporate governance, insider trading, bribery, discrimination, corporate social responsibility and fiduciary responsibilities
According to Billington, what is the aim of ethical and moral reasoning?
To discover the correct form of behavior for a given situation
What is the correct order of events for working through an ethical dilemma according to Haidt's Social Intuition Model?
Triggering event→ Intuition→ Judgment→ Reasoning
What are the important and lasting beliefs or ideals shared by the members of a culture about what is good or bad and desirable or undesirable?
Values
The creation of Sarbox by the SEC is an example of what method for promoting corporate ethics?
corporate governance
Ethical Climate
how an organization handles motives, pressures, and its surrounding environment that may affect its overall culture
How are ethics promoted in an organization?
organizations must have a formal, written set of standards to guide employees of how they should behave, or code of ethics, and proper training of how to follow the code that is in place.
According to Billington, dealing with questions of ethics and morals is ______________.
unavoidable
The video about falsely-accused Alton Logan and his time in prison due to lawyers not being able to break attorney-client privilege is an example of which approach for dealing with ethical dilemmas?
virtue ethics
Attitudes
A learned predisposition to respond in a certain manner toward a given object or situation.
Ethical Dilemmas
A situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two courses of action, either of which entails violating a moral principle.
Consequentialist approach
- the first step to dealing with ethical dilemmas -This approach asks the decision-maker to identify the different alternative actions as well as the consequences attached to those actions. -Utilitarianism-The utilitarian approach basically states a person should choose the option that creates the greatest good for the greatest number of people
Corporate Governance
-Even with proper communication and training, there is still a need to make sure the interests of the organization, it's owners, and other stakeholders are being safeguarded. -Corporations have to go through all sorts of checks and balances to ensure that there is a separation of authority and to save the many from the follies of the few.
Deontological approach
-The second approach to dealing with ethical dilemmas -deontology is focused on making sure the individual takes the right action, regardless of the consequences
Who was the person who was ACTUALLY guilty of the murder Alton Logan was convicted of?
Andrew Wilson
What are our predispositions to respond positively or negatively toward something?
Attitudes
What was the community value that was being upheld that was keeping the lawyers from coming forward with information about Alton Logan's innocence?
Attorney-Client Privilege
What is the study of proper business policies and practices regarding potentially controversial issues?
Business Ethics
What is a written set of standards to guide employees on how they should behave?
Code of Ethics
