CHAPTER 2: Hardware
SSD characteristics:
1.) No moving parts 2.) Extremely fast 3.) Uses lasers to read information.
Storage Capacities from HIGHEST to LOWEST:
1.) Petabyte 2.) Terabyte 3.) Gigabyte 4.) Megabyte 5.) Kilobyte
Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ________.
2-4 gigahertz
Bus
A channel over which information flows inside a computer
Some computers use ________, an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.
ASCII
The _________ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.
ASCII
If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) _________ computer.
All-In-One Computer
FireWire and Thunderbolt connectors were developed for ______ computers.
Apple/MAC
Gigahertz is equal to one ________ cycles (instructions) per second.
Billion
Bus width is measured in ______. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.
Bits
The term used to describe writing (storing) data on a DVD is ______.
Burning
The two major factors that impact processor speeds are clock speed and ________.
Bus Width
In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a ________.
Cache
Hard Drive _______ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.
Capacity
Laptop Computer
Clamshell-type mobile computer
The two main components of a processor are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the ________ unit.
Control
Devices with a separate system unit and a relatively large footprint is called ______ computers.
Desktop
Screen size is measured by the _________.
Diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen.
The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _________.
Footprint
The ______ is a computers within your computer that creates images.
GPU
The depiction of image data on a display or output device are called ________.
Graphics
_________ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.
HDMI
Tablet Computer
Highly-mobile-- you can use it while standing or walking around.
Connecting digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using _______ port.
MIDI
The system unit of a computer is that part that houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the ____________.
Motherboard
Desktop Computer
Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and explansion
All-in-One Computer
Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.
The place in a digital device where the data and programs that device is currently using and are accessible by the processor is called the _______.
RAM
The __________ of monitors and other display devices is measured in pixels
Resolution
Data from the hard drive can reach CPU ________ than data from the RAM.
Slower Info: because it has to travel over more buses, data from the hard drive takes longer to reach the CPU than data from the RAM.
The most powerful computers, ___________ can evaluate complex data very quickly.
SuperComputers
Bus Width
The amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel at a given time
A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, ________ uses 16 bits to represent information.
UNICODE
The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _________.
Word Size
The computer that can be found inside a digital watch is referred to as a _______ computer. It has a real time operating system.
embedded
Hertz
equals one cycle (instruction) per second
Megahertz
equals one million cycles (instruction) per second
Gigahertz
equals one million cycles (instructions) per second
A mulitcore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _______.
hyperthreading