Chapter 3 cells

What conditions are necessary for diffusion of a substance to occur across a membrane?

A concentration gradient, Membrane permeability

In active transport, a cell would require energy in the form of....

ATP

Types of transports that need cellular energy

Active transport and endocytosis

What is the function of the nucleus?

Contains most of the DNA

What is found in the cytoplasm?

Cytosol, cytoskeleton, organelles

What is the process of specialization called that is when the cell specialized to form adult cells?

Differentiation

What transport mechanisms are classified as active mechanisms?

Exocytosis, Active transport, and endocytosis

Types of transports that don't need cellular energy

Filtration, Osmosis, diffusion

What is the function of ribosomes?

Helps in protein synthesis

What is the solution has a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids?

Hypertonic

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

In order for a molecule to move from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration using an active transport mechanism, energy is required. ATP is the common molecule for that energy.

Mitosis and cytoplasmic division function and _______ are the magi or phases of the cell cycle.

Interphase

In cell division, the division of the nucleus is what?

Mitosis

Active transport

Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient with the use of a protein pump

Diffusion

Movement of molecules through the bilayer and down a concentration gradient.

Osmosis

Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane towards a solution with greater osmotic pressure.

Does facilitated diffusion require energy?

No, it is passive

With proper staining, and light microscope the three basic cell parts that are visible are what?

Nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

What is the specialized structure inside a cell that performs specific functions such as extracting energy from nutrients or building proteins?

Organelles

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Packages proteins for transport

Whats the type of endocytosis in which the cell takes in solids?

Phagocytosis (cell eating)

What is the cell membrane composed most of by the bilayer of what?

Phospholipids

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Produces ATP

What is the function of the cytoskeleton?

Provides framework for the cell

What is a concentration gradient?

Refers to the difference in concentration between two regions.

Whats active transport?

Substances are moved across a membrane against the concentration gradient.

Phospholipid molecules

The basic framework of the cell membrane is a bilayer

Exocytosis

The process of the cell releasing contents from a vesicle to outside the cell

Endocytosis

The process of the cell taking particles in which use of a vesicle.

Endocytosis

The type of transport mechanism in which large molecules, small particles or liquid are conveyed by a vesicle into the cell.

facilitated diffusion

Transport mechanism in which molecules that are not able to pass through the cell membrane, move via membrane proteins from a regions of higher concentration to a regions of lower concentration.

TRUE OR FALSE: Active transport processes require cellular energy (ATP) while passive transport processes don't require cellular energy (ATP)

True

Selective permeable

Used to describe the cell membrane because only certain substances can enter or leave.

Membranous sacs, called __________, are essential to store or transport material into or out of a cell.

Vesicles

Is Flagella usually only one?

YES

is cilia the function to move substances across the cell surface?

YES

What are the three parts of cytoskeleton?

microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

What are the three types of endocytosis?

phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis