Chapter 3 cells
What conditions are necessary for diffusion of a substance to occur across a membrane?
A concentration gradient, Membrane permeability
In active transport, a cell would require energy in the form of....
ATP
Types of transports that need cellular energy
Active transport and endocytosis
What is the function of the nucleus?
Contains most of the DNA
What is found in the cytoplasm?
Cytosol, cytoskeleton, organelles
What is the process of specialization called that is when the cell specialized to form adult cells?
Differentiation
What transport mechanisms are classified as active mechanisms?
Exocytosis, Active transport, and endocytosis
Types of transports that don't need cellular energy
Filtration, Osmosis, diffusion
What is the function of ribosomes?
Helps in protein synthesis
What is the solution has a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids?
Hypertonic
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
In order for a molecule to move from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration using an active transport mechanism, energy is required. ATP is the common molecule for that energy.
Mitosis and cytoplasmic division function and _______ are the magi or phases of the cell cycle.
Interphase
In cell division, the division of the nucleus is what?
Mitosis
Active transport
Movement of molecules against the concentration gradient with the use of a protein pump
Diffusion
Movement of molecules through the bilayer and down a concentration gradient.
Osmosis
Movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane towards a solution with greater osmotic pressure.
Does facilitated diffusion require energy?
No, it is passive
With proper staining, and light microscope the three basic cell parts that are visible are what?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
What is the specialized structure inside a cell that performs specific functions such as extracting energy from nutrients or building proteins?
Organelles
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Packages proteins for transport
Whats the type of endocytosis in which the cell takes in solids?
Phagocytosis (cell eating)
What is the cell membrane composed most of by the bilayer of what?
Phospholipids
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Produces ATP
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
Provides framework for the cell
What is a concentration gradient?
Refers to the difference in concentration between two regions.
Whats active transport?
Substances are moved across a membrane against the concentration gradient.
Phospholipid molecules
The basic framework of the cell membrane is a bilayer
Exocytosis
The process of the cell releasing contents from a vesicle to outside the cell
Endocytosis
The process of the cell taking particles in which use of a vesicle.
Endocytosis
The type of transport mechanism in which large molecules, small particles or liquid are conveyed by a vesicle into the cell.
facilitated diffusion
Transport mechanism in which molecules that are not able to pass through the cell membrane, move via membrane proteins from a regions of higher concentration to a regions of lower concentration.
TRUE OR FALSE: Active transport processes require cellular energy (ATP) while passive transport processes don't require cellular energy (ATP)
True
Selective permeable
Used to describe the cell membrane because only certain substances can enter or leave.
Membranous sacs, called __________, are essential to store or transport material into or out of a cell.
Vesicles
Is Flagella usually only one?
YES
is cilia the function to move substances across the cell surface?
YES
What are the three parts of cytoskeleton?
microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments
What are the three types of endocytosis?
phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis
