Review Questions - Exam 1
After admitting a homeless patient to the floor, the nurse tells a colleague that "homeless people are too dumb to understand instructions." What action should the colleague take first?
Ask the nurse about the patient's personal history assessment data
A patient is struggling with the decision of whether to accept experimental treatment for cancer. The nurse begins to offer information to a patient and the patient says, "I've already heard all of that before and I don't agree with any of it." How should the nurse proceed?
Ask the patient to explain what he believes
The best approach for a nurse who is performing an assessment on a patient from an ethnic group the nurse knows nothing about is to what?
Ask the patient to help the nurse understand anything about the patient's ethnic group that may have a bearing on the patient's health care needs.
In Swanson's Caring Theory, the nurse demonstrates caring using several techniques. Which of the following is (are) included in the five caring processes? (Select all that apply.)
Ask the patient to identify the most important thing to accomplish during the nurse's shift.
The nurse in the emergency department is caring for an 8-year-old who has had a serious asthma attack. When the nurse attempts to explain the problem to the child's mother, she smells cigarette smoke on the mother's breath. The nurse asks the mother if she has been smoking and the mother responds, "Yes, and I know they've told me before I can't smoke around him." What should the nurse do next?
Ask the patient's mother to explain what she believes about smoking and asthma
A nurse has performed a physical examination of the patient and reviewed the laboratory and diagnostic test results on the patient's chart. The nurse is performing which specific nursing function?
Assessment
Which nursing theory of care describes how the nurse's presence in the nurse-patient relationship transcends the physical and material world, facilitating development of a higher sense of self by the patient?
Watson's Theory of Human Science and Human Care
A patient undergoing chemotherapy for bone cancer states that she uses guided imagery in conjunction with pain medications to tolerate bone marrow aspirations. The nurse recognizes guided imagery as a component of which health promotion model?
Holistic Health Model
When a nurse approaches an overweight patient about lifestyle modifications that will reduce the risk for heart disease, the patient shows that he does not perceive susceptibility to disease when stating what?
"I'm only a little overweight; there is no way I can have a heart attack."
A nurse makes a medication error, immediately assesses the patient, and reports the error to the nurse manager and the primary care provider. Which characteristic of a professional is the nurse demonstrating?
Accountability
A nurse has graduated from a nursing program and is participating in a new graduate program at a local hospital as a continuing socialization to the role of the nurse. At what level is the nurse functioning at this point in the nurse's career?
Advanced beginner
A 20-year-old patient is concerned that he may have the same illness (acute myeloid leukemia [AML]) as a 65-year-old male relative. Which influencing factor about which the nurse is aware may alleviate this patient's concern?
Age
Which factors are affecting the nursing shortage? (Select all that apply.)
Aging faculty Increasing elderly population Aging nursing workforce
The nurse enters a patient's room to deliver a dinner tray and notices that the patient has not been out of bed since the previous day. The patient states that his condition has made him bed-ridden, although the nurse knows that he is capable of independent ambulation. Which type of reaction is the patient exhibiting?
Illness behavior
Three weeks after delivery, a patient started a diet of 800 calories per day and started jogging 2 miles twice per day. The nurse recognizes the patient's behavior may be influenced by which motivating factor?
Body image
Which specific aspect of a profession does the development of theories provide?
Body of knowledge
A nurse providing preventive care to an overweight patient with a family history of diabetes should engage in which priority care-planning activity for this patient?
Calculating the patient's body mass index (BMI) and recommending a daily exercise routine
A nurse is planning a program for educating a Hispanic community regarding nutritional practices. What would be the most important aspects that the nurse takes into consideration first? (Select all that apply.)
Change theory and Health Belief Model Cultural influences
A profession has specific characteristics. In regard to how nursing meets these characteristics, which criteria are consistent and standardized processes? (Select all that apply.)
Code of ethics Licensing Body of knowledge Altruism
A team meeting of physicians and nurses is convened to discuss a specific patient's problems and to determine goals for the patient. During the meeting, specific accountability related to patient care for both the physicians and nurses involved is established. All members of the meeting show mutual respect by valuing each other's clinical competence that is necessary to provide quality patient care. Of the following functions of a nurse, which one is demonstrated in the above example?
Collaboration
Health care workers are discussing a diverse group of patients respectfully and are being responsive to the health beliefs and practices of these patients. What important aspect of nursing professional practice are they exhibiting?
Cultural competence
A nurse is working with a 35-year-old patient who needs to decide whether to donate a kidney to his brother who has been in renal failure for 5 years. The patient shares with the nurse that the decision is especially difficult because he would not be able to continue to work in his current profession and would be unable to support his three small children if he ever needed dialysis. Which intervention(s) would be most appropriate for the nurse to implement in this situation? (Select all that apply.)
Guide the patient through a values clarification process to help him make a decision based on his values. Provide information the patient needs to help him make an informed decision. Ask for his permission to contact the kidney donation team to answer any questions he may have.
An 8-year-old girl is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nurse may expect fear and crying when teaching the child how to self-administer insulin injections due to which influencing factor?
Developmental level
What is an example of Nightingale's contributions to nursing?
Emphasized respect for patients' needs and rights
Which core competency of advanced practice nursing is the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) nurse educator exhibiting when counseling a student in therapeutic communication techniques?
Expert coaching
Which activity best illustrates the use of the Health Promotion Model (HPM) by the nurse to increase the level of well-being for a patient immediately after surgery?
Holding a pillow across his chest when coughing and deep breathing
Nurses are most likely to utilize which of the following theories or models in their leadership role?
Lewin
How might a nurse as a researcher approach the care of the patient? (Select all that apply.)
Looking for problems and questioning practices Incorporating research she has read into her practice
A 57-year-old male patient who was hospitalized with an admitting blood pressure of 240/120 asked the nurse if his family could bring in some meat and vegetable dishes from home. He explained that he cannot eat the foods on the hospital menu because it is summer and the hospital is only offering chicken and fish, which in his culture are "hot" foods that will interfere with his healing. Which response by the nurse would best demonstrate an application of Leininger's theory?
Negotiate home-prepared food options with the patient and his family to ensure that treatment for the patient's blood pressure is supported.
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the nurse understands that which element(s) must be maintained before a patient can reach self-actualization?
Nutrition
Which of the listed basic needs identified by Maslow must be addressed first when providing nursing care?
Nutrition & elimination
Which statements describe a component discussed in nursing theories? (Select all that apply.)
Optimal functioning of the patient Interaction with components of the environment The illness & health concept
Nursing students all belong to National Student Nurses Association when they are attending a specific nursing program. This is an important aspect of their socialization to the profession as it demonstrates which criteria of a profession?
Participating in an organization that supports and advances the profession
When a patient recognizes that a family history of a terminal disease predisposes him to illness, the nurse can identify this realization as which component of the Health Belief Model?
Perception of susceptibility
What is the nurse's role as patient advocate? (Select all that apply.)
Provide necessary education and interpret information Accept the patient's decision
A 65-year-old male patient has been a one-pack-per-day smoker for 40 years. He was recently diagnosed with early-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and would like to attend a smoking cessation class. The nurse recognizes smoking cessation as which level of prevention for this patient?
Secondary prevention
A patient diagnosed with an aggressive cancer is estimated to have 6 months to live. Two months later, the patient's wife calls the nurse's office because she is upset that her husband has taken up motorcycle racing and has already been injured twice. The nurse knows that the patient is experiencing a behavioral change in which factor due to the prognosis of his illness?
Self-concept
The last concept to be added to the Health Belief Model (HBM) is defined as the confidence in one's ability to take action. What is this concept is called?
Self-efficacy
In comparing the American Nurses Association (ANA) and International Council of Nurses (ICN) definitions of nursing, what component does the ICN mention that is not included in ANA's definition and is indicative of a more global focus?
Shaping health policy
A new nurse is about to insert a nasogastric tube for the first time but is not sure what equipment to gather or how to begin the procedure. The patient is an 80-year-old woman who is frightened and slightly confused. Which actions by the nurse would best demonstrate caring? (Select all that apply.)
Speak calmly while explaining the procedure to the patient beforehand. Ask another, more experienced nurse for assistance before initiating care.
Which components are included in the American Nurses Association (ANA) standards? (Select all that apply.)
Standards for professional performance Standards of care
As the nurse explained the preoperative instructions to the patient, the patient's older brother suddenly stepped into the doorway and yelled, "People who go under the knife always die. Don't do it! They're going to kill you." What type of higher-order belief is the patient's older brother displaying?
Stereotype
An active, older patient has been frequently evaluated for minor problems at the clinic since the death of her husband 3 months earlier. During one of her visits, she states that she has no energy to get through the day and no desire to keep up with her Tuesday night bridge club. Which type of holistic health model intervention should the nurse employ to help the patient cope with the loss of her husband?
Teaching the value of music therapy to address anxiety about her loss
A patient is seeking information about leading indicators that show the importance of health promotion and illness prevention in the United States. To which government-sponsored program would the nurse refer the patient for the best source of information?
The Healthy People 2020 website
Which statement best describes for new parents how and when children develop first-order beliefs?
Throughout life from first-hand experiences and information provided by authority figures
