chapter 37 quesitons

For which of the following conditions would you most likely encounter a ventricular peritoneum shunt? Epidural hematoma Cerebral palsy Hydrocephalus Subdural hematoma

Hydrocephalus

Characteristic anatomic features of Down syndrome include: long hands with wide fingers. bulging eyes and a large face. a round head with a flat occiput. a proportionately small tongue.

a round head with a flat occiput.

According to the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA): all healthcare facilities are legally obligated to provide assessment and care only if the patient is critically ill or injured. all healthcare facilities must provide a medical assessment and required treatment, regardless of the patient's ability to pay. a healthcare facility has the right to refuse assessment and treatment to a patient, but only if his or her condition is not deemed critical. a patient maintains the legal right to recant his or her consent to emergency treatment, even after signing in to the emergency department.

all healthcare facilities must provide a medical assessment and required treatment, regardless of the patient's ability to pay.

Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the: peripheral nervous system. brain. voluntary muscles. spinal cord.

brain

Vagus nerve stimulators may be an alternative treatment to medication for patients with: chronic seizure disorders. certain psychiatric conditions. chronic muscle pain and fatigue. inherently slow heart rates.

chronic seizure disorders.

A surgical procedure that creates an opening between the intestine and the surface of the body that allows for elimination of waste products is called a(n): gastric stoma. gastrostomy. colostomy. intestinal shunt.

colostomy

When caring for a morbidly obese patient, you should: call for ALS backup because obese patients are at high risk for heart attack. ask the patient if he or she knows what led to his or her obesity problem. establish his or her chief complaint and then communicate your plan to help. leave him or her in a supine position, as this often facilitates breathing.

establish his or her chief complaint and then communicate your plan to help.

A service dog is easily identified by its: color. size. harness. breed.

harness

EMS personnel would most likely be called to the residence of a patient receiving home health care when the home care provider: must confirm that a specific intervention is required. has recognized a change in the patient's health status. needs simple assistance in providing patient care. has a question that is specific to the patient's condition.

has recognized a change in the patient's health status.

Patients with autism: prefer to maintain eye contact with whomever is talking with them. use and understand nonverbal means of communicating messages. have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps. often speak with speech patterns that alternate in tone and speed.

have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps.

Because hearing-impaired patients typically have more difficulty hearing high-frequency sounds, it is important for you to: try basic sign language first. speak in a monotone voice. increase the pitch of your voice. lower the pitch of your voice.

lower the pitch of your voice.

EMTs are dispatched for a patient in cardiac arrest. When they arrive, they find that the patient is pulseless, apneic, and wearing an external defibrillator vest. In this situation, the EMTs should: quickly remove the vest and perform CPR. perform CPR and leave the vest in place. apply the AED pads over the vests' pads. wait 5 minutes prior to using the AED.

perform CPR and leave the vest in place.

Autism is defined as a: psychiatric condition related to an imbalance of serotonin in the brain. pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impairment of social interaction. mental disability caused by insufficient cognitive development of the brain. congenital condition caused by factors such as malnutrition or birth complications.

pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impairment of social interaction.

General techniques for communicating with hearing-impaired patients include: exaggerating your lip movements to ensure the patient understands. positioning yourself approximately 18″ directly in front of the patient. removing any hearing aids and using pen and paper to ask questions. speaking directly into the patient's ear with an increased voice pitch.

positioning yourself approximately 18″ directly in front of the patient.

The purpose of a ventricular peritoneum shunt is to: divert excess cerebrospinal fluid to the ventricles of the brain. prevent excess cerebrospinal fluid from accumulating in the brain. monitor pressure within the skull in patients with a head injury. remove fluid from the abdomen of patients with right-sided heart failure.

prevent excess cerebrospinal fluid from accumulating in the brain.

In contrast to an automated implanted cardioverter/defibrillator, an internal cardiac pacemaker: delivers a shock to the heart if the rate becomes exceedingly fast. is implanted under the skin in the left upper abdominal quadrant. regulates the patient's heart rate if it falls below a preset value. will only activate if it detects rhythms such as ventricular fibrillation.

regulates the patient's heart rate if it falls below a preset value.

Common complications associated with central venous catheters include all of the following, except: rupture of a central vein. a local infection. bleeding around the line. clotting of the line.

rupture of a central vein.

An important aspect in the assessment of a patient who experienced a previous brain injury involves: presuming that he or she has cognitive impairment until proven otherwise. speaking with the patient and family to establish what is considered normal for the patient. recalling that most patients with a brain injury have other organ dysfunction. contacting the patient's physician to determine the extent of the brain injury.

speaking with the patient and family to establish what is considered normal for the patient.

A 70-year-old male complains of shortness of breath. During your assessment, you note that he has bilateral hearing aids. When you ask him questions related to his chief complaint, he does not answer you. You can hear a whistling sound coming from his hearing aids. You should: try repositioning the hearing aid or remove it and turn down the volume. recognize that the batteries in his hearing aids are probably depleted. remove both of his hearing aids and use pencil and paper to communicate. remove his hearing aids, turn up the volume, and replace them in his ears.

try repositioning the hearing aid or remove it and turn down the volume.

The tip of a central venous catheter rests in the: vena cava. left atrium. right ventricle. pulmonary vein.

vena cava.