Chapter 4 Anatomy Nail tech
How many subsystems make up the nervous system
3
How many pints of blood does the average adult body contain
8-10
What are the categories of the study of the human body?
Anatomy Physiology Gross anatomy Histology
Cells
Basic units of living matter
All muscles, nerves, bones and body systems are made up of
Cells
The building blocks of the human body
Cells, tissues, organs, body systems
Which triangular-shaped muscle covers the shoulder and lifts the arms?
Deltoid
All of the following are functions of the skeletal system EXCEPT a. Storing calcium b. Supporting the body c. Eliminating waste products d. Protecting the internal organs
Eliminating waste products
The endocrine system breaks down food so it can be absorbed by cells or eliminated from the body as waste
False
Which of the following muscles causes the thumb to move towards the finger to form a fist?
Opponens
The three parts of a muscle are the
Origin, belly, insertion
The study of bones is called
Osteology
Composed of protoplasm (colorless gel-like substance containing water, salt and food nutrients) vary in ______,____,____, and ____
Size, structure, shape, and function
The body's largest organ is the
Skin
Physiology
Study of structure and function of the organs and system
Gross Anatomy
Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye
Histology
Study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope
Anatomy
The study of the organs and systems of the body
A body system is a group of organs that, together, perform one more vital functions for the body.
True
What muscle separates the fingers outward?
abductor
What science studies the organs and systems of the body?
anatomy
The talus bone refers to which bone in the body?
ankle bone
The three subsystems of the nervous system are central, peripheral and:
autonomic
Which of the following terms does NOT identify a type of nerve tissue?
axon
Blood is transported through all of the following vessels EXCEPT: Select one: a. veins b. arteries c. capillaries d. blood platelets
blood platelets
Osteology is the study of
bones
Which organ controls all body functions?
brain
Which of the following terms describes the eight small bones held together by ligaments that form the wrist?
carpals
Blood is transported through all of the following ways EXCEPT:
cells
The basic units of life are:
cells
Which of the following building blocks is considered to be the basic units of life? a. Cells b. Organs c. Tissues d. Body systems
cells
Which part of the brain controls motor function, muscle movement and balance?
cerebellum
Which part of the brain regulates motor function, muscle movement and balance?
cerebellum
Which body system circulates blood throughout the body?
circulatory system
Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together?
connective
Organelles are located in which part of the cell
cytoplasm
This triangular-shaped muscle covers the shoulder and lifts the arm:
deltoid
This body system breaks down the food into simpler chemical compounds that can be absorbed by cells or eliminated as waste:
digestive system
Which of the following descriptions does NOT identify a function of the skeletal system? Select one: a. eliminates waste b. allows body movement c. surrounds and protects internal organs d. provides a frame to which muscles attach
eliminates waste
What is the name of the body system that affects hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels?
endocrine system
What is the name of the body system that directly affects hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels?
endocrine system
The system that eliminates solid, liquid and gaseous waste products from the body is the:
excretory system
All of the following are organs of the body EXCEPT:
hands
Red blood cells carry oxygen and a protein known as
hemoglobin
Red blood cells carry oxygen and a protein known as:
hemoglobin
What bone is the largest bone in the upper arm
humerus
Which bone is the largest bone of the upper arm?
humerus
The primary functions of the respiratory system are:
inhalation and exhalation
The skin and its layers compose the:
integumentary system
The muscles that respond automatically to control various body functions are:
involuntary
What type of blood cell helps fight bacteria that invade the body
leucocytes
Which type of tissue is responsible for carrying food, waste products and hormones to the body?
liquid
Which vital part of the brain controls breathing and heart function ?
medulla oblongata
Which vital part of the brain controls breathing and heart function?
medulla oblongata
The chemical process by which cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction is known as
metabolism
What chemical process turns nutrients into energy for the body?
metabolism
The five long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand are known as:
metacarpals
The palm of the hand has five long, thin bones known as
metacarpals
Human cells reproduce by a process referred to as:
mitosis
The process in which cells reproduce by dividing in half is called
mitosis
Another name for a nerve cell is:
neuron
Nerve cells are also known as
neurons
The control center of cell activities is called the:
nucleus
The control center of the cell is known as the:
nucleus
The muscles that allow the thumb to move toward the fingers and form a fist are the:
opponens
The three parts of a muscle are the:
origin, belly and insertion
Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of protein ?
pepsin
Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of protein into polypeptide molecules?
pepsin
The 14 bones that form the toes are called:
phalanges
The fourteen bones that form the fingers are called
phalanges
The two upper chambers of the heart are known as the
right and left atriums
The two upper chambers of the heart are known as the:
right and left atriums
What type of nerve provides the senses of smell, sight, touch, hearing and taste?
sensory
Which nerves provide the senses of smell, sight, touch, hearing and taste?
sensory nerves
The body's largest organ is the:
skin
The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the
spinal cord
The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the:
spinal cord
A group of body organs that perform one or more vital functions for the body is called a(n):
system
Two bones located in the lower leg are the fibula and the
tibia
All of the following are basic parts of a cell EXCEPT the: a. Tissue b. Nucleus c. Cytoplasm d. Cell membranes
tissue
All of the following are basic parts of a cell EXCEPT: Select one: a. tissue b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cell membrane
tissue
Groups of cells of the same kind make up:
tissues
Which nerve of the hand extends down the little finger side of the arm into the palm of the hand?
ulnar
The veins that are permanently widened or expanded and appear as blue-green bulges are referred to as:
varicose
What type of blood cells help protect the body by fighting bacteria and other foreign substances?
white blood cells