Chapter 4 Anatomy Nail tech

How many subsystems make up the nervous system

3

How many pints of blood does the average adult body contain

8-10

What are the categories of the study of the human body?

Anatomy Physiology Gross anatomy Histology

Cells

Basic units of living matter

All muscles, nerves, bones and body systems are made up of

Cells

The building blocks of the human body

Cells, tissues, organs, body systems

Which triangular-shaped muscle covers the shoulder and lifts the arms?

Deltoid

All of the following are functions of the skeletal system EXCEPT a. Storing calcium b. Supporting the body c. Eliminating waste products d. Protecting the internal organs

Eliminating waste products

The endocrine system breaks down food so it can be absorbed by cells or eliminated from the body as waste

False

Which of the following muscles causes the thumb to move towards the finger to form a fist?

Opponens

The three parts of a muscle are the

Origin, belly, insertion

The study of bones is called

Osteology

Composed of protoplasm (colorless gel-like substance containing water, salt and food nutrients) vary in ______,____,____, and ____

Size, structure, shape, and function

The body's largest organ is the

Skin

Physiology

Study of structure and function of the organs and system

Gross Anatomy

Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye

Histology

Study of structures too small to be seen except through a microscope

Anatomy

The study of the organs and systems of the body

A body system is a group of organs that, together, perform one more vital functions for the body.

True

What muscle separates the fingers outward?

abductor

What science studies the organs and systems of the body?

anatomy

The talus bone refers to which bone in the body?

ankle bone

The three subsystems of the nervous system are central, peripheral and:

autonomic

Which of the following terms does NOT identify a type of nerve tissue?

axon

Blood is transported through all of the following vessels EXCEPT: Select one: a. veins b. arteries c. capillaries d. blood platelets

blood platelets

Osteology is the study of

bones

Which organ controls all body functions?

brain

Which of the following terms describes the eight small bones held together by ligaments that form the wrist?

carpals

Blood is transported through all of the following ways EXCEPT:

cells

The basic units of life are:

cells

Which of the following building blocks is considered to be the basic units of life? a. Cells b. Organs c. Tissues d. Body systems

cells

Which part of the brain controls motor function, muscle movement and balance?

cerebellum

Which part of the brain regulates motor function, muscle movement and balance?

cerebellum

Which body system circulates blood throughout the body?

circulatory system

Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together?

connective

Organelles are located in which part of the cell

cytoplasm

This triangular-shaped muscle covers the shoulder and lifts the arm:

deltoid

This body system breaks down the food into simpler chemical compounds that can be absorbed by cells or eliminated as waste:

digestive system

Which of the following descriptions does NOT identify a function of the skeletal system? Select one: a. eliminates waste b. allows body movement c. surrounds and protects internal organs d. provides a frame to which muscles attach

eliminates waste

What is the name of the body system that affects hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels?

endocrine system

What is the name of the body system that directly affects hair growth, skin conditions and energy levels?

endocrine system

The system that eliminates solid, liquid and gaseous waste products from the body is the:

excretory system

All of the following are organs of the body EXCEPT:

hands

Red blood cells carry oxygen and a protein known as

hemoglobin

Red blood cells carry oxygen and a protein known as:

hemoglobin

What bone is the largest bone in the upper arm

humerus

Which bone is the largest bone of the upper arm?

humerus

The primary functions of the respiratory system are:

inhalation and exhalation

The skin and its layers compose the:

integumentary system

The muscles that respond automatically to control various body functions are:

involuntary

What type of blood cell helps fight bacteria that invade the body

leucocytes

Which type of tissue is responsible for carrying food, waste products and hormones to the body?

liquid

Which vital part of the brain controls breathing and heart function ?

medulla oblongata

Which vital part of the brain controls breathing and heart function?

medulla oblongata

The chemical process by which cells receive nutrients for cell growth and reproduction is known as

metabolism

What chemical process turns nutrients into energy for the body?

metabolism

The five long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand are known as:

metacarpals

The palm of the hand has five long, thin bones known as

metacarpals

Human cells reproduce by a process referred to as:

mitosis

The process in which cells reproduce by dividing in half is called

mitosis

Another name for a nerve cell is:

neuron

Nerve cells are also known as

neurons

The control center of cell activities is called the:

nucleus

The control center of the cell is known as the:

nucleus

The muscles that allow the thumb to move toward the fingers and form a fist are the:

opponens

The three parts of a muscle are the:

origin, belly and insertion

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of protein ?

pepsin

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of protein into polypeptide molecules?

pepsin

The 14 bones that form the toes are called:

phalanges

The fourteen bones that form the fingers are called

phalanges

The two upper chambers of the heart are known as the

right and left atriums

The two upper chambers of the heart are known as the:

right and left atriums

What type of nerve provides the senses of smell, sight, touch, hearing and taste?

sensory

Which nerves provide the senses of smell, sight, touch, hearing and taste?

sensory nerves

The body's largest organ is the:

skin

The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the

spinal cord

The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the:

spinal cord

A group of body organs that perform one or more vital functions for the body is called a(n):

system

Two bones located in the lower leg are the fibula and the

tibia

All of the following are basic parts of a cell EXCEPT the: a. Tissue b. Nucleus c. Cytoplasm d. Cell membranes

tissue

All of the following are basic parts of a cell EXCEPT: Select one: a. tissue b. nucleus c. cytoplasm d. cell membrane

tissue

Groups of cells of the same kind make up:

tissues

Which nerve of the hand extends down the little finger side of the arm into the palm of the hand?

ulnar

The veins that are permanently widened or expanded and appear as blue-green bulges are referred to as:

varicose

What type of blood cells help protect the body by fighting bacteria and other foreign substances?

white blood cells