Chapter 4: Health, Illness, and Disease

Which of the following is/are the most common of the chronic conditions associated with the greatest limitation on work?

heart conditions

Two of the most important influences on children's health are prevention and:

poverty

Which of the following is most often the result of osteoporosis?

marked stoop

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for adults over the age of 75.

False Reason: In the 75—84 and 85-and-over age groups, cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death.

most common form of dementia

Alzheimer's

The allele that has proven to be a risk factor for Alzheimer disease is the ______ gene.

ApoE4

Which of the following factors triggers Parkinson disease?

Degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain

Which of the following groups has the highest mortality rate?

Males in emerging adulthood

Regarding lifestyle factors and the risk of Alzheimer disease, which of the following statements are true?

Many of the same habits that lead to cardiovascular disease increase risk for Alzheimer disease and A healthy lifestyle can lower the risk of Alzheimer disease. Need help? Review these concept resources.

Regarding lifestyle factors and the risk of Alzheimer disease, which of the following statements are true?

Many of the same habits that lead to cardiovascular disease increase risk for Alzheimer disease. A healthy lifestyle can lower the risk of Alzheimer disease.

Which of the following are symptoms of Parkinson disease?

Slowing of movements Partial facial paralysis Muscle tremors

The primary cause of Alzheimer disease is a deficiency in the brain messenger chemical called

acetylcholine

What are two common factors in the development of eating problems in infants?

conditions of poverty and neglectful caregivers

Neurological disorders in which the primary symptoms involve deterioration of mental functioning are classed under the global term

dementia

The number of people with Alzheimer disease (doubles/triples) every five years after the age of 65.

doubles

A recent study found that all of the following were associated with a decrease in deaths from cardiovascular disease, EXCEPT

eliminating alcohol consumption.

Which of the following chronic conditions is LEAST likely to limit the everyday activities or work of adults over the age of 65?

epilepsy

Chronic disorders have a (slow/fast) onset and a (short/long) duration.

slow and long

The development of Alzheimer disease is most likely influenced by

the interaction of lifestyle and genes.

True or false: Due to the decrease in cardiovascular disease, cancer is now the leading cause of death in middle-aged and older adults between 65 and 74.

true

True or false: More than half of individuals with Alzheimer disease have at least one ApoE4 allele.

true

Characteristics of Alzheimer disease include which of the following?

twisted fibers that build up in neurons dense deposits of protein that accumulate in the blood vessels deficiency in acetylcholine

Which of the following has been linked to health-enhancing behavior and reduced risk taking in adolescence?

Parental monitoring

Which of the following are social contexts that influence adolescent health? (Select all that apply)

Schools Peers Families

It is projected that ______ million baby boomers will develop Alzheimer disease in their lifetime.

10

In 2016, approximately what percentage of U.S. adults were classified as obese?

40 percent

Children are put in the overweight category if their body mass index falls at or above the ______ percentile.

95th

A child who is classified as obese has a BMI in the ______ percentile.

97th

According to the DSM-V, bulimia nervosa is characterized by which two of the following?

A lack of control over eating during an episode Eating in a specific amount of time an amount of food larger than what most would eat in similar period in similar circumstances

In 2016, when both gender and ethnicity were considered, which of the following had the highest rate of obesity in the United States?

African American females

Which of the following are helpful in the treatment of arthritis symptoms? (Select all that apply)

Aspirin Exercise Weight reduction Joint replacement

Which of the following are characteristics of Alzheimer disease? (Select all that apply)

Gradual deterioration of language Eventual loss of physical function Gradual deterioration of memory

Symptoms of dementia include which of the following? (Select all that apply)

Inability to recognize familiar people Inability to recognize familiar surroundings Inability to care for oneself

Which statement is true regarding chronic disorders? Multiple choice question. The three most common chronic disorders in middle adulthood is the same for females and males. Women are less likely than men to have nonfatal chronic conditions such as arthritis and bursitis. Men are more likely than women to have fatal chronic disorders such as cancer and coronary heart disease. Hypertension is the leading chronic disorder in middle adulthood for both men and women.

Men are more likely than women to have fatal chronic disorders such as cancer and coronary heart disease.

In comparing the health of emerging adults with the health of adolescents, which of the following statements are true regarding emerging adults?

They have more chronic health problems. They have a higher rates of mental disorders. They are more likely to be obese.

In a large longitudinal research study of 10,000 men and women followed over 8 years, participants were divided into low, medium, and high fitness levels. What did the study find? (Choose every correct answer.)

Those in the low fitness (sedentary) group were more than two times more likely to die than those in the medium fitness group. Those in the low fitness (sedentary) group were more than three times more likely to die than those in the high fitness group.

One of the best strategies for preventing or delaying the onset of Alzheimer disease in people who are at risk is to

improve their cardiac functioning through diet, drugs, and exercise.

Many cardiovascular problems in middle age can be reduced by which of the following?

improved diets increased exercise decreased rates of smoking

Which of the following is a disorder that involves an extensive loss of bone tissue?

osteoporosis