Chapter 4 Wrap It Up Quiz

True or False: If the police conduct a search that is later found to be in violation of the Fourth Amendment, the expectation of privacy test holds that the evidence cannot be used in trial.

False

The publishing of false and damaging statements about a person is referred to as

Libel

Which Supreme Court case established a national right to abortion?

Roe v. Wade

True or False: The Second Amendment declares, "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." The key phrase in this amendment that opponents of gun rights cite to support their argument is "well regulated militia."

True

A word or phrase, such as a racial epithet, that attacks an individual as opposed to a group of people, is called a. fighting words. b. exclusionary speech. c. hate speech. d. symbolic speech.

a

According to which regulation, illegally seized evidence may NOT be used in trial? a. Exclusionary rule b. Fourth amendment c. Probable clause d. Establishment clause

a

For published material to be considered obscene, it must pass which test? a. Miller b. Lemon c. Pentagon Papers d. Miranda

a

Generally, warrants that allow searches and seizures must be backed by a. probable cause. b. eyewitness accounts. c. photographic evidence. d. legal consent.

a

The Supreme Court test for determining whether laws violate the establishment clause is known as the a. Lemon test. b. Warrant test. c. Kurtz test. d. Miller test.

a

In Barron v. Baltimore, the Supreme Court decided the Bill of Rights applied to a. citizens only. b. the national government only. c. states only. d. both states and the national government.

b

Which constitutional clause prevents Congress from recognizing one church as the nation's official church? a. Privileges and immunities clause b. Establishment clause c. Full faith and credit clause d. Necessary and proper clause

b

Which of these early amendments to the Constitution guarantees the government will provide just compensation for private property that it takes? a. Second b. Fifth c. Eighth d. First

b

During World War I, which law did Congress pass to make it a crime to obstruct military recruiting? a. Military Commissions Act b. Sedition Act c. Espionage Act d. Militia Act

c

In 1960, four African American college students in Greensboro, North Carolina, approached a whites-only lunch counter to order coffee. Despite being denied service and encountering threats from those around them, the students sat quietly, waited to be served, and stayed until the store closed. Now known as a sit-in, this scenario exemplifies what type of speech? a. Fighting words b. Prior restraint c. Symbolic d. Content-neutral

c

Prisoners of war must be protected and treated in accordance with which international treaty? a. Kyoto Accord b. United Nations Charter c. Geneva Conventions d. Emancipation Proclamation

c

What did Congress do in the aftermath of the Sandy Hook Elementary murders in Newtown, CT? a. Congress and the states have both actively restricted gun access since the shootings. b. Congress took the lead in passing laws restricting gun access, but the states have resisted any such restrictions. c. Congress has been inactive in restricting access to guns, but the states have varied in restricting and expanding gun rights. d. Congress and the majority of states have expanded gun rights following the Newtown shootings.

c

What test does the Supreme Court commonly use to determine whether a particular limitation of a constitutional right is acceptable? a. The clear and present danger test b. The Miller test c. The compelling interest test d. The selective incorporation test

c

Which 1966 Supreme Court decision protected the rights of individuals in custody and mandated that police inform them of their rights? a. Mapp v. Ohio b. Brown v. Board of Education c. Miranda v. Arizona d. Marbury v. Madison

c

Which Supreme Court case established a right to privacy? a. Brown v. Board of Education b. New York Times v. Sullivan c. Griswold v. Connecticut d. Mapp v. Ohio

c

Which Supreme Court case protected consensual homosexual relationships? a. Griswold v. Connecticut b. Marbury v. Madison c. Lawrence v. Texas d. New York Times v. Sullivan

c

In 1947, several big-name Hollywood stars, screenwriters, and directors flew to Washington D.C. to protest the actions of Joseph McCarthy, a U.S. Senator who was accusing American citizens, many from the film industry, of being "card-carrying" a. Socialists. b. Fascists. c. Libertarians. d. Communists.

d

Marc lives in a country where there is little control over the behavior of its citizens. There is often chaos and a complete irreverence for authority and convention. This country, in which people have too much freedom and do as they please without regard to others, represents a. a republic. b. democracy. c. a monarchy. d. anarchy.

d

States are generally free to pass laws that restrict religious practices if such laws a. provide sufficient evidence that the religion is a cult. b. don't also discriminate based on race. c. don't restrict the majority religion. d. have a valid secular purpose.

d

Which best describes the Supreme Court's 2008 majority opinion on whether the District of Columbia could restrict private possession of firearms? a. It denied an individual's right to keep and bear arms, as long as this only applied within the District of Columbia. b. It reaffirmed an individual's right to keep and bear arms and asserted that any restrictions on gun access were unconstitutional. c. The Supreme Court's refusal to hear the case allowed the lower court decision to stand which allowed "any reasonable restriction on firearm possession." d. It reaffirmed an individual's right to keep and bear arms, indicating that the right could be regulated but not denied.

d

Which of the following is accurate regarding use of the death penalty as punishment? a. Only judges may impose the death penalty in a few circumstances involving federal crimes. b. The death penalty may be imposed under federal sentencing mandates applicable to all fifty states. c. It is generally banned under Eighth Amendment protections again cruel and unusual punishment. d. States may impose the death penalty if they provide specific guidelines to jurors to consider.

d