Chapter 5.

The replacement of damage tissue with scar is called

Fiborsis

With regards to the healing of a skin wound, marchophanges

Phagocytize and digest tissue debris

(T/F) Desmosomes are more effective than tight junctions in preventing substances from passing between cells

False

(T/F) Nonkeratinized cells exfoliate from the surface of the skin

False

blood functions to

transport nutrients to the tissues

Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common

A calcified matrix

It is normal for breast to shrink after lactation ceases. This is a consequence of the blank in human breast cells

Apoptosis

Blank exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes

Areolar tissue

A connective tissue fiber refers to a blank, a nerve fiber refers to a blank, and a muscle fiber refers to a blank

Complex of macromolecules, part of a cell, entire cell

The blank gives rise to the blank

Ectoderm; nervous system and epidermis

Blank secrets blank into blank

Endocrine glands, hormones, the blood

Blank epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas blank epithelium is rare

Stratified squamous; stratified columnar

Skeletal muscle is described as

Striated and voluntary

(T/F) In an epithelium, there is almost no extracellular matrix

True

The rubbery matrix of cartilage is secreted by __________, whereas _________ produce the fibers and ground substance that form the matrix of fibrous connective tissue.

chondroblasts; fibroblasts

Mucin is secreted by blank glands, which combines with water to form and thick and sticky product. Blank glands produce a relatively watery fluid

Mucous, serous

Nervous tissue consists predominantly of two cell types, neutrons and

Neuroglia

True or false: Mesoderm gives rise to muscle, bone and blood?

True

Most membrane that lines passageways that open to the environment is called

A mucous membrane

Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both

A) Dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues.

T/F The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.

False

T/f Blood consists of cells and a ground substance made of formed elements.

False

T/f adult steam cells are usually pluripotent

False

T/f dendrites in a neuron send outgoing signals to other cells

False

T/f excitable cells respond to outside stimuli by means of changes in plasma membrane shape

False

T/f rapid cell death caused by a complete cutting off of blood supply is called gangrene

False

T/f the process of a cell changing types to respond to its environment is called neoplasia

False

T/f plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues

Flase

The clear gel inside a cell is called

cytosol

Some simple columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelia have _________ cells, which produce a protective mucous coating over the mucous membranes.

goblet

Which of the following is not a type of fibrous connective tissue

hyaline cartilage

An epithelium whose cells are tall and narrow, with each one touching the basement membrane and reaching the apical surface, is called __________ epithelium.

simple columnar

Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because

smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract

Collagenous fibers are very abundant in

tendons, ligaments, and the deeper portion of the skin

The covering of body surfaces and the lining of body cavities is composed of __________ tissue.

Epitheial

Glycaosamioglycans (GAGs) help give the ground substance some of its qualities including

Holding water and maintaining electrolyte balace

Blank glands (such as tear glands) have vesicles that release their segregation via exocytosis. Blank glands (such as oil producing glands) secrete a mixture of disintegrated cells and their products

Merocrine, holocrine

The middle primary germ layer is called blank, which gives rise to a gelatinous material called blank, which then rise to different types of connective tissue, such as bone, cartilage and blood

Mesoderm; mesenchyme

The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transforms into striated squamous epithelium. This is an example of

Metaplasia

Blank epithelium provides a moist and slippery surface and is well suited to resist stress, as seen in the blank

Nonkeratinized; vagina

Most membrane are composed of two or three types. However, an example of an exception is the blank membrane

Synovial

In the intestines blank ensures that most digested nutrients pass through the epitheial cells and not between them

Tight junctions

T/F Columnar cells lining the small intestine have a brush border of microvilli on the apical surface

True

T/F Scar tissue helps to hold an organ together but does not restore normal function of the damaged tissue.

True

T/F Smooth and cardiac muscles are under involuntary control.

True

T/F: Fibrocartilage is found in intervertebral discs.

True

T/f Most growth in childhood is the result of hyperplasia

True

T/f neurons are a major type of cell found in nervous tissue

True

T/f the clear gel that usually surrounds cells is called interstitial fluid?

True

T/f the secretory product of a gland is produced by its parenchyma, not the stoma

True

New triglycerides are constantly being synthesized and stored, while others are hydrolyzed and released into the circulation by the cells found in __________.

adipose tissue

A thin, stained slice of tissue mounted on a microscope is called a

histological section

Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have

hyperextensible joints

After six months of lifting weights at the gym you notice that some of your muscles have increased in size. This increase in size is due to _______ of muscle cells.

hypertrophy

The histological section that divides a specimen along its long axis is called

longitudinal

A brush border of microvilli is found in __________ epithelium, which can be found in the __________.

simple columnar; small intestine

Most kidney tubules are made of __________ epithelial tissue, which is specialized for absorption and secretion.

simple cuboidal

Rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs takes place through __________ epithelium.

simple squamous

The shape of the external ear is maintained by ________.

elastic cartilage

Most biologists see embryonic stem (ES) cells as a possible treatment for diseases that result from the loss of functional cells. This possibility is based on the fact that ES cells are __________ stem cells.

totipotent

Found in the urinary bladder, __________ epithelium resembles __________ epithelium, but the apical cells are rounded, not flattened.

transitional; stratified squamous

The four primary tissue types found in adult organs include all of the following except

Fiborous

T/f connective tissues contain abundant cells that are on contact with one another

Flase

Which of the following is not a feature that almost all connective tissues have in common

Ground substance is so scarce that it is not visible with a light microscope.

An example of a highly vascular tissue is __________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is __________.

Areolar; cartilage

The membrane that lines the lumenal surface of the digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproduction tracts consists of

Epithelium and lamina propria

The basement membrane is found between blank and blank

Epithelium; connective tissue

Blank tissues respond quickly to outside stimuli by means of change in membrane potential

Excitable

All cells in blank epithelium reach the basement membrane, but only cells that reach free surface have cilia

Pseudostratified columnar

Blank epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas blank epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion

Simple squamous; stratified squamous

Which of the following does not account for a gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance

collagen

Glands that have branched ducts and secretory cells that form sacs at one end of the ducts are classified as ___________ glands.

compound acinar