Chapter 5: Language
Who claims responsibility in an I-statement?
the speaker
Communication scholars have shown that ____ can help reduce cortisol levels, resulting in stress reduction.
writing about positive feelings for a loved one
Select the types of confirming messages.
-Endorsement -Recognition -Acknowledgment
Which of the following may be true about hate speech?
-It is meant to degrade, intimidate, or dehumanize people. -It is based on race, disability status, religion, sexual orientation, or political or moral views. -It involves calling people derogatory names, intimidating them, and advocating violence against groups of individuals.
Which of the following accurately describe language?
-It varies in clarity. -Ambiguous language can be interpreted in more than one way.
Which of the following practices can help create a positive climate in electronically mediated communication?
-Reflect rather than react. -Don't expect immediate feedback. -Get permission before sharing others' information. -Don't "hide" behind electronically mediated communication. -Pay attention to auto-correct.
Which of the following are true about language?
-The values of a society are reflected in its use of language -Use of language varies by culture -language is bound by culture
Which of the following is true about how names define and differentiate us?
-We gain information about others through their names. -A name is an important component of your sense of self. -We represent ourselves to others through our names.
Which of the following statements are true about language?
-Words can represent objects. -Language is symbolic.
What are some characteristics that might be suggested by a person's first name?
-age group -sex -ethnicity
Language is bound by which of the following?
-culture -context
Language is which of the following?
-it is used to communicate meaning -it is a system of symbols -it uses symbols called words
Which of the following are techniques of non-evaluative feedback?
-paraphrase -probe -offer support
In constructive I-statements, the speaker does which of the following?
-points to the characteristic of the behavior that is prompting his feelings -identifies the behavior that is prompting his feelings -offers an alternative to the behavior that is prompting his feelings -expresses responsibility for his own feelings
The term ___describes an emotional experience that includes feelings of love and appreciation that one person has for another, whereas the term ____describes a characteristic of close, supportive relationships.
Blank 1: affection Blank 2: intimacy
Which of the following is true about language?
Concrete words are specific.
Which of the following is true about language?
It has layers of meaning.
Which of the following statements is true about language?
It is governed by rules.
What effect does translating positive feelings into words have on stress?
It results in stress reduction.
Which of the following describes the characteristic of language that words mean whatever we choose for them to mean
Language is usually arbitrary.
True or false: The most important aspect of humor is a violation of expectations.
True
intimacy
a characteristic of a close, supportive relationship
Which of the following describes the most important aspect of humor?
a violation of our expectations
Communication in electronically mediated forms requires competent communicators to
adapt their behavior to each channel's affordances and limitations.
affection
an emotional experience, including feelings of love and appreciation that one person has for another
That a word like "duck" has no characteristics of a duck--the word "duck" cannot fly, does not have a bill or webbed feet, and does not quack--represents the concept that language is usually
arbitrary.
The emotional tone of a relationship is called its
communication climate.
Confirming messages are statements that
convey value for other people.
When we trust a doctor's health advice over that of a waiter, we are assigning ___ on the basis of the speaker's expertise.
credibility
Which of the following describes the extent to which others perceive us to be competent and trustworthy?
credibility
Language that harms a person's reputation or paints a negative image of that person is known a
defamation
Which of the following describes language that harms a person's reputation or gives that person a negative image?
defamation
A person who feels ______ will guard herself/himself against criticism at all costs.
defensive
Marci calls her sister Amanda when she wants to share good news but she calls her brother Eric when she needs emotional support. This is most likely because
each intimate relationship has its own communication climate.
The term used to describe a vague, mild expression that symbolizes something more blunt or harsh is
euphemism, euphemistic, or euphemisms
A vague, mild expression that substitutes for something that is harsher or more blunt is known as a(n)
euphemism.
Non- ___feedback withholds judgment or opinion.
evaluative or evaluation
Non- __feedback withholds judgment or opinion.
evaluative or evaluation
Which of the following describes profanity meant to degrade, intimidate, or dehumanize persons based on their sex, national origin, sexual orientation, religion, race, disability status, or political or moral views?
hate speech
Recognizing that a word only represents an object or idea but does not constitute the object or idea itself is to understand that language
is symbolic.
Which of the following is defined as a structured system of symbols used for communicating meaning?
language
Because many words suggest ideas that are different from what they literally mean,
language has layers of meaning.
A(n) ___ expresses a personal judgment or preference with which we could agree or disagree but that is not true or false in an absolute sense.
opinion
The process of convincing others to think or act in a particular way is known as
persuasion
Which of the following describes the process of convincing people that they should think or act in a certain way?
persuasion
Language that is vulgar, rude, or obscene in the context in which it is used is known as
profanity
Which of the following describes language that is considered vulgar, rude, or obscene in the context in which it is used?
profanity
Language is governed by
rules
The use of informal and unconventional words that are usually only understood by a particular group is known as
slang
Which of the following describes the use of informal and often unconventional words that are understood only by others in a particular group?
slang
A person's feeling of being cared about and protected is called
supportiveness.
