Chapter 6

Male relatives of people with multiple, excessive health complaints also have higher than usual rates of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Alcoholism Antisocial personality disorder

Which of the following symptoms are associated with dissociative amnesia? (Select all that apply.)

Cannot remember important facts about their lives Cannot remember their personal identities Are typically aware that there are large gaps in their memory of themselves

Which of the following reasons have been discussed as issues with making a diagnosis of dissociative identity disorder? (Select all that apply.)

DID was rarely diagnosed before 1980. It was only first included in the DSM in 1980. The diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia became more specific.

Which of the following are criteria for functional neurological symptom disorder (conversion disorder)? (Select all that apply.)

Deficit is not better explained by another recognized medical or DSM disorder. Deficit is associated with clinically significant distress in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. At least one of the symptoms affects voluntary or sensory function with or without impairment of consciousness.

Which of the following are criteria for dissociative identity disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states Alterations in affect, behavior consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, and/or sensory-motor functioning Recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events and important personal information

According to the cognitive perspective, which of the following factors play a role in somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorders? (Select all that apply.)

Dysfunctional beliefs about illness Believe they are vulnerable to wide range of physical illnesses Believe they are unable to tolerate pain

Which of the following problems are exhibited by children with dissociative identity disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Erratic school performance Prone to antisocial behavior Alcohol abuse at an early age

Which of the following are consequences of experiencing multiple somatic symptoms? (Select all that apply.)

High blood pressure Early death High cholesterol

Which of the following are criteria for illness anxiety disorder? (Select all that apply.)

High level of anxiety about health Excessive health-related behaviors Preoccupation with having a serious illness

People who seriously abuse alcohol much of their lives can develop a more global retrograde amnesia known as _____.

Korsakoff's syndrome

Which ethnic group appears to be diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder more frequently?

Latinos

Which of the following symptoms are consistent with a diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Person assumes the worst: cancer, stroke, or heart attack. Person may insist on medical procedures, including surgeries. Person may avoid a wide range of activities.

When is the diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder easier? (Select all that apply.)

Physical examination proves that the symptoms cannot be physiologically possible. Psychological factors leading to the development of the symptoms can be identified clearly

Which of the following are symptoms of somatic symptom disorder noted in the text? (Select all that apply.)

Spends a great deal of energy thinking about their physical symptoms Spends a great deal of time thinking about their physical symptoms Seeks medical care for their distressing physical symptoms

Which of the following are the most common causes of dissociation? (Select all that apply.)

Stress Fatigue

Which of the following are criteria of somatic symptom disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Symptoms result in significant disruption of daily life. Excessive time devoted to the somatic symptoms High level of anxiety about health or symptoms

Which of the following sometimes occurs when a person with dissociative identity disorder experiences a traumatic event as a child? (Select all that apply.)

The host personality escapes into the protection of psychological oblivion. They develop a child alter. They develop an alter who acts as a big brother or big sister.

The vast majority of people with dissociative identity disorder are _____.

adult women

In treating conversion disorder, behavioral therapists attempt to help their clients focus on relieving their ______ around the initial trauma and on reducing any _______ the clients are receiving from the conversion symptoms.

anxiety benefits

Research indicates that the ability and tendency to dissociate as a coping mechanism in dissociative identity disorder may, to some extent _____.

biologically determined

A reason that someone with dissociative identity disorder is often taken for treatment is because they _____.

commit self-destructive behavior

Anderson Taylor is a successful prosecuting attorney who wins virtually all of his cases. In several days, he will begin a case in which he will prosecute a notorious mobster. As he was walking home, he was accosted by several people who roughed him and threatened to kill him if he prosecuted the mobster. The next morning, he awakened and was unable to speak. This is an example of _____.

conversion disorder

Liam suffers from illness anxiety disorder. Because of this, he may be prone to periods of anxiety and _____.

depression

Factitious disorder imposed on another was formerly known as _____.

factitious disorder by proxy

Multiple health complaints and excessive health concerns run in families, primarily among _____.

female relatives

In treating somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder, *psychodynamic* therapists _____.

focus on providing insight about the connections between emotions and physical symptoms

In treating conversion disorder, behavioral therapists attempt to help their clients _____.

focus on relieving their anxiety around the initial trauma

For amnesic individuals, psychotherapy involves _____.

helping patients recall and understand traumas that contributed to their dissociations

The average age of onset for depersonalization/derealization disorder tends to be

in early adulthood, around age 23.

Differentiating true amnesias from feigned ones _____.

is virtually impossible

Corporal Johnson planted explosives around the enemy camp. He then set them off and witnessed the deaths of many men, women, and children. He was horrified at the carnage. The next morning, when he awakened, he was blind. Curiously, he did not seem overly concerned about this blindness. This lack of concern is known as _____.

la belle indifference

The primary forms of dissociative amnesia are _____. (Select all that apply.)

localized selective generalized

Evidence of the reluctance of professionals to diagnose dissociative identity disorder is that _____.

most people diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder have previously been diagnosed with at least three other disorders

Somatic symptoms and illness anxiety disorder may be a part of _______ stress disorder

post-traumatic

When individuals have symptoms that tend to reduce anxiety, they are, according to Freud, the recipients of...

primary gain

When an individual is motivated to assume a sick role in order to receive sympathy and attention, they may be motivated by...

secondary gain

Which of the following are common symptoms of conversion disorder? (Select all that apply.)

seizures mutism paralysis

Conversion symptoms may result from spontaneous _______

self-hypnosis

One theory regarding the cause of dissociative identity disorder is the _____.

self-hypnosis theory

Which theory of dissociative identity disorder argues that the alternate personalities are created by patients who adopt the idea of dissociative identity disorder as an explanation that fits their lives?

sociocognitive model

Like conversion disorder, ________ disorder involves the expression of psychological issues through bodily symptoms without any known medical condition or the effects of a substance.

somatic symptom

Minerva has been complaining about numerous aches and pains. She has constant feelings of weakness and is often fatigued. Numerous diagnostic tests have been negative. Despite this, Minerva seeks constant treatment for her ailments. Minerva is probably suffering from _____.

somatic symptom disorder

According to general consensus, the cause of the dissociative disorders is _________ that leads people to experience the splitting apart of their conscious experiences.

some type of traumatic event, usually during childhood,

An important influence on the diagnostic trends in dissociative identity disorder was _____.

the publication of influential papers describing persons with DID