Chapter 6 Practice Test

Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?

cytoskeleton

What is/are most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion?

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Which of the following organelles is unlikely to show enhanced abundance in pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes?

free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria?

muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner

Cell fractionation _____.

separates cells into their component parts

What is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell?

cytoplasm, rough ER, mitochondria

Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize...

some of their own proteins.

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with

motor proteins

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization.

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through _____.

plasmodesmata

A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate?

the nucleus

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through _____.

the plasma membrane

What is a possible reason for grouping the peroxisomes with chloroplasts and mitochondria?

All of these organelles appear to increase in number by dividing.

A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.

Golgi apparatus

Microtubules and microfilaments commonly work with what to perform many of their functions?

Golgi apparatus

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?

Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores.

A particular cell has a nucleus and chloroplasts in addition to the fundamental structures required by all cells. Based on this information, this cell could be _____.

a photosynthetic protist cell or a plant cell

Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to...

be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment

the simplest collection of matter that can live

cells

Which structures is found in animal cells but NOT plant cells?

centrioles

Basal bodies are most closely associated with

cilia

The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called

cristae

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they _____.

have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found _____.

in bacterial cells

Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found?

in the plasma membrane functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose and why is it the best choice?

light microscope, because the specimen is alive

What best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

manufacturing

What structure is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells?

mitochondria

Which membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four?

mitochondrial outer membrane

Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell?

ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Which organelles might be found inside other organelles?

ribosomes

What lacks membranes as part of their structure?

ribosomes and peroxisomes

Which features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.

secrete a lot of protein

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body because

the intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate..

the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm