Chapter 6 Practice Test
Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?
cytoskeleton
What is/are most likely to be involved in the process of producing proteins for a chloroplast or mitochondrion?
free cytoplasmic ribosomes
Which of the following organelles is unlikely to show enhanced abundance in pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes?
free cytoplasmic ribosomes
Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria?
muscle cells in the legs of a marathon runner
Cell fractionation _____.
separates cells into their component parts
What is/are possible site(s) of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell?
cytoplasm, rough ER, mitochondria
Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize...
some of their own proteins.
Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with
motor proteins
In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization.
Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through _____.
plasmodesmata
A dish of animal cells was grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorous. The phosphorous largely ended up in nucleotides inside the actively growing animal cells. In which cellular structure(s) would you predict the majority of the radioactive phosphorous to accumulate?
the nucleus
A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through _____.
the plasma membrane
What is a possible reason for grouping the peroxisomes with chloroplasts and mitochondria?
All of these organelles appear to increase in number by dividing.
A researcher made an interesting observation about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and eventually found in a cell's plasma membrane. The protein in the plasma membrane was actually slightly different from the protein made in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the _____.
Golgi apparatus
Microtubules and microfilaments commonly work with what to perform many of their functions?
Golgi apparatus
What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?
Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores.
A particular cell has a nucleus and chloroplasts in addition to the fundamental structures required by all cells. Based on this information, this cell could be _____.
a photosynthetic protist cell or a plant cell
Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to...
be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment
the simplest collection of matter that can live
cells
Which structures is found in animal cells but NOT plant cells?
centrioles
Basal bodies are most closely associated with
cilia
The folds of the inner mitochondrial membrane are called
cristae
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they _____.
have no membrane-bounded organelles in their cytoplasm
Chloroplasts and mitochondria are thought to be of prokaryotic origin. One piece of evidence that supports this hypothesis is that these organelles contain prokaryotic-like ribosomes. These ribosomes are probably most similar to ribosomes found _____.
in bacterial cells
Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. You observe that when the synthesis of the protein is completed, the protein is located in the ER membrane. Where else in the cell might this protein be found?
in the plasma membrane functioning in the transport of molecules into the cell
A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose and why is it the best choice?
light microscope, because the specimen is alive
What best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
manufacturing
What structure is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells?
mitochondria
Which membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four?
mitochondrial outer membrane
Which of the following groups is primarily involved in synthesizing molecules needed by the cell?
ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Which organelles might be found inside other organelles?
ribosomes
What lacks membranes as part of their structure?
ribosomes and peroxisomes
Which features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?
ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm
You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____.
secrete a lot of protein
Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body because
the intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions.
Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate..
the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm
