Chapter 6 Review

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The dermal papillae interlock with deep projections of the epidermis called

epidermal ridges

The terms thick and thin skin refer to the relative thickness of the

epidermis only

Which epidermal pigment protects nuclear DNA by absorbing potentially damaging ultraviolet radiation?

melanin

Another name for a hair is

a pilus

From the basement membrane outward, the strata of the epidermis are

basale, spinosum, granulosum, corneum

Blueness of the skin due to low oxygen concentration in the blood is called _______________.

cyanosis

Which epidermal layer is found in thick skin only?

stratum lucidum

Which term describes the skin's normal release of water vapor without noticeable sweat? A.sublimation B.dehydration C.insensible perspiration D.sensible perspiration

C. insensible perspiration

Which statement about the subcutaneous layer is false? A.it consists of areolar connective tissue and adipose connective tissue B.it stabilizes the position of the skin and binds it to the underlying tissues C.corresponding to larger body size, it is normally thicker in men than in women D.also called the hypodermis or superficial fascia, it is not part of the integument

C.corresponding to larger body size, it is normally thicker in men than in women

All of the following are important functions of human hair except A.protecting the scalp from sunburn and injury B.preventing entry of foreign particles into the eyes, ears, and nose C.providing insulation for the overall body surface D.assisting in the dispersal of pheromones

C.providing insulation for the overall body surface

the skin of older persons is more easily damaged and slower to heal because A.collagen fibers accumulate through time and crowd out protective cells B.epidermal dendritic cells proliferate, interfering with the immune response C.the epidermis thins as epidermal stem cells decline in number and activity D.all of the above

C.the epidermis thins as epidermal stem cells decline in number and activity

Stretch marks, or striae, are the result of

torn collagen fibers in the dermis

Which of the following is not a significant possible health benefit of carotene? A.protects the skin from harmful radiation in sunlight B.helps maintain normal vision when converted into vitamin A C.helps eliminate potentially dangerous molecules produced by metabolism D.may boost the number and activity of immune cells

A.protects the skin from harmful radiation in sunlight

The epidermis varies within a single individual in which of the following aspects? A.thickness, coloration, and skin markings B.innervation and blood supply C.both a and b D.neither a nor b

A.thickness, coloration, and skin markings

Dermal structures that originate from the invagination of the epidermis include A.the accessory organs of the integument B.sweat and sebaceous glands, nails, and hair C.the integumentary appendages D.all of the above

D. all of the above

Variations in hair color may result from A.environmental and hormonal factors B.genetic differences in the structure of melanin C.an age-related decrease in pigment production D.all of the above

D. all of the above

Skin color differences among both individuals and races are mostly the result of A.different levels of melanocyte activity B.different colors of melanin C.different numbers of melanocytes D.both a and b

D. both a and b

By producing sensible perspiration, merocrine sweat glands assist in A.regulating body temperature through evaporation B.ridding the body of excess water and electrolytes C.protecting against environmental hazards D.all of the above

D.all of the above

Which of the following are specialized cells found in the deeper layers of the epidermis? A.tactile cells B.epidermal dendritic cells C.melanocytes D.all of the above

D.all of the above

The lunula, eponychium, and hyponychium are all structures associated with a

nail

Limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation is useful because

epidermal cells convert a steroid to vitamin D3

Which integumentary exocrine glands are distributed over most of the body surface?

sebaceous and merocrine sweat glands

The connective tissue root sheath and epithelial root sheath are both components of the

hair follicle

Both hair and nails are composed mainly of dead cells packed with

keratin

Which of the following makes no significant contribution to skin color?

keratin

What are the most abundant cells found in the epidermis?

keratinocytes

The two major regions of the dermis are the superficial ____________ layer and the deeper ____________ layer.

papillary; reticular

Which type of gland secretes a lipid material that coats the epidermis and hair shafts to provide lubrication and inhibit bacterial growth?

sebaceous

The relatively coarse, pigmented hair of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes is

terminal hair

Apocrine sweat glands occur in all of the following locations except

the palms


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