Chapter 7. EMT

Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults?

An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's.

Physical changes that typically occur in early adults include an: Selected Answer:

increase in fatty tissue, which leads to weight gain.

Which of the following is a physical change that typically occurs in the adolescent age group?

Secondary sexual development begins.

Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?

The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.

Why do middle adults commonly experience financial concerns?

They are preparing for retirement but must still manage everyday financial demands.

The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of:

19 and 25 years.

The pulse rate of a child from ages 6 to 12 years is approximately:

70 to 120 beats/minute

At present, the average life expectancy is ________ years, while the maximum life expectancy is estimated at ________ years.

78, 120

The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of:

9 and 18 months.

The low normal systolic blood pressure for a 30-year-old is:

90 mm Hg.

Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?

An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.

Which of the following statements regarding psychosocial development in the adolescent age group is correct?

Antisocial behavior and peer pressure peak around 14 to 16 years of age.

Which of the following statements regarding middle adults is correct?

Cardiovascular health becomes an issue in this age group, as does the greater incidence of cancer.

Which of the following statements regarding age-related changes in the nervous system is correct?

Interconnections between brain cells often prevent a loss of knowledge or skill, despite a loss of neurons.

Age-related changes in the renal system result in

a decreased ability to clear wastes from the body and a decreased ability to conserve fluids when needed.

In preconventional reasoning, children

act almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what they want

When communicating with an older patient, it is important to remember that:

age-related changes diminish the effectiveness of the eyes and ears.

When assessing an 80-year-old patient in shock, it is important to remember that:

age-related changes in the cardiovascular system may make the patient less able to compensate for decreased perfusion.

The decline in cardiac function that commonly occurs in late adulthood is MOST often related to:

atherosclerosis

An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because:

blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight

Breathing is often more labor intensive in older adults because the:

elasticity of the lungs decreases.

A 16-year-old female complains of vaginal bleeding and abdominal cramping that began several hours ago. During your assessment interview, you should:

inquire about the possibility of pregnancy in private, if possible.

According to the terminal drop hypothesis:

mental function is presumed to decline in the 5 years preceding death.

Which of the following are noticeable characteristics of a 9-month-old infant?

places objects in the mouth, pulls himself or herself up

An infant or small toddler would MOST likely gain trust in an individual who:

provides an organized, routine environment.

You are assessing a 13-month-old female who is running a fever and has been vomiting. While you are performing your physical examination on this child, you will MOST likely find that she:

responds to her name but is fearful of your presence.

In contrast to secure attachment, anxious-avoidant attachment occurs when a child:

shows little emotional response to a parent or caregiver following repeated rejection.

he risk of bleeding in the skull, which increases with age, is MOST directly related to

shrinkage of the brain.

An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:

the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.

Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" because:

their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally