Chapter 7: Founding a Nation, 1783-1791

Thomas Jefferson was the greatest advocate for a stronger federal government during the postwar period.

False

The Bill of Rights is a supremely important part of the Constitution. Identify the statements that describe its legacies.

-It established the belief that federal power represented the greatest threat to personal freedom -It established freedom of expression at the very foundation of political democracy

Identify the statements that describe the Bill of Rights.

-It states that all of the rights not given to the federal government are maintained by the states and people, to ensure the national government did not suppress the rights of citizens -The original federal Constitution did not include a Bill of Rights -The original ten amendments protected the basic rights of citizens, including freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and the right to a jury of peers

Identify the aims and accomplishments of the Virginia Plan within the Continental Congress.

-It stressed the establishment of a two-house legislature -Its governing concepts bolstered the power of the larger states

Identify the aims and accomplishments of the New Jersey Plan within the Continental Congress.

-Smaller states, fearing the political dominance of more populous states like Massachusetts and Pennsylvania, supported this plan -It called for a single-house Congress in each state that would cast one vote

Identify the states that participated in the slave trade in the years after the ratification of the Constitution.

-South Carolina -Georgia

What does it reveal about the ratification of the Constitution?

-There were states in both the North and the South that did not support ratification of the Constitution -Although two states did not support the Constitution, the majority of states supported ratification

Identify the statements that describe why the Federalists were successful.

-They convincingly argued that a strong government would grow the economy, garnering support from both bosses, local leaders, and, as a result, their employees -They controlled the local media -They were successful because their opposition, the Anti-Federalists, were ineffectively organized

Following the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, the Treaty of Greenville was established between American and Native combatants. What were the outcomes of the Treaty of Greenville?

-Tribes friendly to the federal government were granted cash payments -Much of the upper Great Lakes region became open to white settlement

The Articles of Confederation granted the national government limited powers. Identify the statements that describe the conflicts sparked by governance under this first written constitution.

-Wealthy property owners saw their rights constrained by poorer local majorities. -Indebted farmers, threatened with the loss of land because of failure to meet tax or mortgage payments, pressed state governments for relief

Building upon the framework of the Ordinance of 1784, in what way did the Ordinance of 1785 aim to further regulate western settlement?

-empowering the federal government to survey and subdivide western lands into square-mile sections -reserving land and funds for public education

Identify the basic political principles outlined in the Constitution.

-federalism, or the division of power, which is the relationship between the state and the national government -a system of checks and balances that prevents any branch of national government from dominating the other two

James Madison viewed the addition of a Bill of Rights to be a very important and necessary check against future abuses of power by the national government.

False

Within the electoral college, it is possible for none of the candidates to win a majority of electoral votes. Though rare, if this occurs, the responsibility of electing a president falls to the _______ where they choose from among the top ______ candidates, with each state casting ________. The ________ would then select the vice president.

House of Representatives three one vote Senate

Which statements describe the laws mandated by the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

It created at least three states out of the Northwest Territory It prohibited slavery in the Old Northwest It pledged 'the utmost good faith' would be observed toward local Indians and that their land would not be taken without consent

The men that attended the Constitutional Convention were mostly _______. Most of them had spent time ________, and generally believed that for the United States to succeed, the influence of direct democracy must be somewhat ________ by the government.

Lawyers, merchants, and planters At college Restrained

The ratification of the Constitution had a tremendous effect on late eighteenth-century America. Identify the statements that describe the long-term consequences.

Slavery remained deeply entrenched in American life and politics It made a domestic economy possible

Identify the groups of people who were most commonly Anti-Federalists.

Small farmers and state politicians

The American Constitution was unique for its time because it remained secular, clearly separating church from the state.

True

What were the effects of the Constitution? Move the correct answers to the image of the preamble.

made possible a national economic market by giving Congress the power over tariffs, interstate commerce, and coining money, among others created national political institutions reduced the powers of the states